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Table 3 Distribution of sociodemographic factors, access to social support and parental and child health in relation to low, middle, and high levels of HL

From: Psychometric qualities of the HLS-EU-Q16 instrument for parental health literacy in Swedish multicultural settings

Sociodemographic Characteristics

Low HL

Middle HL

High HL

Kruskal-Wallis/X2

Parental age (Mean)

30.5

31.0

28.8

2.084 p = .353

Country/region of birth (%)

   

52.339 p < .001

 Sweden

6.8

25.0

68.2

 

 Europe

50.0

42.9

7.1

 

 Middle East

35.3

55.9

8.8

 

 Africa

37.3

39.2

23.5

 

 Asia

50.0

40.0

10.0

 

 North America/South America*

*

*

*

 

Years in Sweden (Mean)

7.4

10.7

21.6

36.405 p < .001

Need for an interpreter (%)

   

24.157 p < .001

 Interpreter

52.3

45.5

2.3

 

 No need for an interpreter

33.3

37.5

39.2

 

 Education (yrs.) (Mean)

11.1

13.1

14.7

15.844 p < .001

Access to social support (%)

   

11.895 p = .018

 Always

30.5

35.6

33.9

 

 Most of the time

37.5

37.5

25.0

 

 Never/mostly not

21.4

78.6

0.0

 

Parental health (%)

   

5.473 p = .242

 Excellent/good

28.7

41.2

30.1

 

 Average

35.7

39.3

25.0

 

 Poor/Very poor

*

*

*

 

Child health (%)

   

1.9036 p = .386

 Excellent/good

31.6

38.6

29.7

 

 Average

16.7

66.7

16.7

 

 Poor/very poor

*

*

*

 
  1. *Not displayed as N < 5