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Table 3 Comparison of the mean scores of awareness, HBM constructs, HL, and adoption of preventive behaviors (walking and nutrition) of osteoporosis during the study course in two intervention and control groups consisting health volunteers

From: Promoting the adoption of behaviors to prevent osteoporosis using the health belief model integrated with health literacy: quasi-experimental intervention study

Constructs and variables

Time

Before intervention

3 months after intervention

P-value *

Groups

Mean

Standard deviation

Mean

Standard deviation

Awareness

Intervention

27.113

1.141

39.233

1.115

< 0.001

Control

26.972

1.337

28.184

1.144

0.131

P-value**

0.557

< 0.001

 

Perceived intensity

Intervention

15.251

0.491

20.442

0.409

< 0.001

Control

15.123

0.542

15.660

0.513

0.259

P-value**

0.716

< 0.001

 

Perceived sensitivity

Intervention

13.423

0.489

17.257

0.335

< 0.001

Control

14.117

0.431

15.025

0.314

0.217

P-value**

0.354

0.011

 

Perceived benefits

Intervention

24.993

0.788

31.224

0.416

< 0.001

Control

25.119

0.414

25.557

0.313

0.417

P-value**

0.322

< 0.001

 

Perceived barriers

Intervention

20.058

0.119

23.112

0.334

0.003

Control

19.817

0.214

20.055

0.499

0.158

P-value**

0.155

0.004

 

Self-efficacy

Intervention

11.558

0.654

17.428

0.425

< 0.001

Control

11.665

0.547

12.018

0.561

0.119

P-value**

0.387

< 0.001

 

Health literacy

Intervention

59.898

5.122

71.411

6.544

0.003

Control

60.585

5.255

62.017

6.414

0.279

P-value**

0.314

< 0.001

 

Nutrition behaviors

Intervention

5.398

1.447

8.466

1.244

0.009

Control

5.451

1.222

6.003

1.005

0.351

P-value**

0.543

< 0.001

 

Walking behaviors

Intervention

8.956

0.261

13.457

0.587

< 0.001

Control

8.848

0.353

9.025

0.545

0.211

P-value**

0.414

< 0.001

 
  1. *Mean changes during the course, separately in each group
  2. **Comparing the differences between the two groups