Table 1 Distribution of age, gender and four lipid indicators in three analytic approaches
| Â | Adjustment Approacha | Restriction Approachb | Matching Approachc | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-exposed cohort (N = 7474) | Undernutrition exposed cohort (N = 4666) | P valued | Non-exposed cohort (N = 2477) | Undernutrition exposed cohort (N = 724) | P valued | Non-exposed cohort (N = 531) | Undernutrition exposed cohort (N = 531) | P valued | |
Age | |||||||||
 Mean (SD) | 48.78 (2.12) | 55.86 (2.23) | < 0.001 | 50.94 (0.92) | 52.16 (0.95) | < 0.001 | 51.85 (0.94) | 51.85 (0.94) | – |
Gender | |||||||||
 Male | 3422 (45.79) | 2213 (47.43) | 0.077 | 1149 (46.39) | 320 (44.20) | 0.299 | 241 (45.39) | 241 (45.39) | – |
 Female | 4052 (54.21) | 2453 (52.57) |  | 1328 (53.61) | 404 (55.80) |  | 290 (54.61) | 290 (54.61) |  |
TC level (mmol/L) | |||||||||
 Mean (SD) | 4.69 (0.88) | 4.86 (0.91) | < 0.001 | 4.68 (0.88) | 4.91 (0.91) | < 0.001 | 4.61 (0.85) | 4.92 (0.93) | < 0.001 |
TC categories | |||||||||
 Ideal | 5545 (74.19) | 3103 (66.50) | < 0.001 | 1842 (73.64) | 475 (65.61) | < 0.001 | 410 (77.21) | 347 (65.35) | < 0.001 |
 Borderline High | 1533 (20.51) | 1200 (25.72) |  | 518 (20.91) | 190 (26.24) |  | 94 (17.70) | 139 (26.18) |  |
 High | 396 (5.30) | 363 (7.78) |  | 135 (5.45) | 59 (8.15) |  | 27 (5.08) | 45 (8.47) |  |
TG level (mmol/L) | |||||||||
 Mean (SD) | 1.62 (1.50) | 1.57 (1.16) | 0.099 | 1.56 (1.20) | 1.67 (1.42) | 0.039 | 1.50 (0.85) | 1.72 (1.56) | 0.004 |
TG categories | |||||||||
 Ideal | 5171 (69.16) | 3218 (68.97) | 0.309 | 1718 (69.36) | 481 (66.44) | 0.307 | 365 (68.74) | 346 (65.16) | 0.017 |
 Borderline High | 1168 (15.63) | 771 (16.52) |  | 410 (16.55) | 128 (17.68) |  | 106 (19.96) | 93 (17.51) |  |
 High | 1135 (15.19) | 677 (14.51) |  | 349 (14.09) | 115 (15.88) |  | 60 (11.30) | 92 (17.33) |  |
LDL-C level (mmol/L) | |||||||||
 Mean (SD) | 2.45 (0.62) | 2.54 (0.66) | < 0.001 | 2.48 (0.59) | 2.53 (0.71) | 0.107 | 2.49 (0.60) | 2.52 (0.74) | 0.402 |
LDL-C categories | |||||||||
 Ideal | 6943 (92.90) | 4215 (90.33) | < 0.001 | 2298 (92.77) | 646 (89.23) | 0.001 | 492 (92.66) | 469 (88.32) | 0.032 |
 Borderline High | 444 (5.94) | 362 (7.76) |  | 153 (6.18) | 59 (8.15) |  | 32 (6.03) | 45 (8.47) |  |
 High | 87 (1.16) | 89 (1.91) |  | 26 (1.05) | 19 (2.62) |  | 7 (1.32) | 17 (3.20) |  |
HDL-C level (mmol/L) | |||||||||
 Mean (SD) | 1.33 (0.36) | 1.38 (0.38) | < 0.001 | 1.25 (0.32) | 1.50 (0.35) | < 0.001 | 1.24 (0.26) | 1.52 (0.35) | < 0.001 |
HDL-C categories | |||||||||
 Normal | 6694 (89.56) | 4266 (91.43) | 0.001 | 2149 (86.76) | 697 (96.27) | < 0.001 | 465 (87.57) | 511 (96.23) | < 0.001 |
 Low | 780 (10.44) | 400 (8.57) |  | 328 (13.24) | 27 (3.73) |  | 66 (12.43) | 20 (3.77) |  |