Table 6 Estimated contributions of change in difference of urban poor and non-poor mean variable levels overtime to change in HAZ gap (2000-2018)
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Baseline levels among urban poor, 2000 (%) | Baseline levels among urban non-poor, 2000 (%) | Endline levels among urban poor, 2018 (%) | Endline levels among urban non-poor, 2018 (%) | Variable change among urban poor, (% points, 2018-2000) | Variable change among urban non-poor (% points, 2018-2000) | Difference in urban poor and non-poor variable change (% points) | Estimated association of factor with HAZ in pooled urban sample | Predicted change in HAZ gap due to difference in urban poor and non-poor variable change (7*8) | Contribution of difference in urban poor and non-poor variable change to difference in urban poor and non-poor HAZ gap change [0.31 SD] (2000-2018) (%) |
| N (weighted) | 348 | 544 | 424 | 1647 | ||||||
| Mean HAZ (observed) | -2.17(SD) | -1.42 (SD) | -1.49 (SD) | -1.05 (SD) | 0.68 (SD) | 0.37 (SD) | 0.31 (SD) | 100% | ||
| Child’s age (months) | ||||||||||
| 0-11 | 19.75 | 18.44 | 22.79 | 19.84 | 3.04 | 1.40 | 1.64 | Ref. | - | - |
| 12-23 | 22.16 | 20.53 | 20.74 | 19.86 | -1.42 | -0.67 | -0.75 | -0.714*** | 0.005 | 1.61 |
| 24-59 | 58.08 | 61.03 | 56.48 | 60.29 | -1.60 | -0.74 | -2.34 | -0.810*** | 0.019 | 6.13 |
| Child’s sex (female) | 49.41 | 46.96 | 48.08 | 49.27 | -1.33 | 2.31 | -3.64 | 0.054* | -0.002 | -0.63 |
| Maternal education (no/ primary education) | 88.23 | 40.89 | 53.57 | 27.88 | -34.66 | -13.01 | -21.65 | -0.213*** | 0.046 | 14.84 |
| Maternal autonomy level (low level) | 39.52 | 28.60 | 23.52 | 19.52 | -16.00 | -9.08 | -6.92 | -0.071* | 0.005 | 1.61 |
|
Maternal media exposure (not at all) | 34.69 | 9.29 | 52.71 | 9.71 | 18.02 | 0.42 | 17.60 | 0.026 | 0.005 | 1.61 |
| Maternal BMI | ||||||||||
| Normal | 53.56 | 61.29 | 61.50 | 48.71 | 7.94 | -12.58 | 20.52 | Ref. | - | - |
| Underweight | 44.25 | 19.56 | 17.98 | 9.74 | -26.27 | -9.82 | -16.45 | -0.272*** | 0.045 | 14.52 |
| Overweight | 2.19 | 19.15 | 20.52 | 41.56 | 18.33 | 22.41 | -4.08 | 0.234*** | -0.010 | -3.23 |
| Maternal Stature | ||||||||||
| Normal/tall (155-<200cm) | 17.26 | 23.55 | 16.39 | 23.95 | -0.87 | 0.40 | -1.27 | Ref. | - | - |
| Short (<155cm) | 62.19 | 63.67 | 66.69 | 64.72 | 4.50 | 1.05 | 3.45 | -0.497*** | -0.017 | -5.48 |
| Very short (<145cm) | 20.55 | 12.78 | 16.92 | 11.33 | -3.63 | -1.45 | -2.18 | -1.016*** | 0.022 | 7.10 |
| Maternal age at first child’s birth (≤ 17 years) | 65.30 | 38.17 | 50.45 | 32.81 | -14.85 | -5.36 | -9.49 | -0.071** | 0.007 | 2.26 |
| No. children living with mother (≥4) | 21.80 | 15.84 | 10.18 | 5.01 | -11.62 | -10.83 | -0.79 | -0.142** | 0.001 | 0.32 |
| Child’s place of delivery (home) | 92.97 | 61.52 | 66.59 | 29.10 | -26.38 | -32.42 | 6.04 | -0.209*** | -0.013 | -4.19 |
| Child not vaccinated (measles) | 24.95 | 12.13 | 11.54 | 8.57 | -13.41 | -3.56 | -9.85 | -0.239*** | 0.024 | 7.74 |
| Household toilet type (not improved) | 62.89 | 28.21 | 49.72 | 33.14 | -13.17 | 4.93 | -18.1 | -0.030 | 0.005 | 1.61 |
| Household drinking water source (not improved) | 1.71 | 0.69 | 3.13 | 0.56 | 1.42 | -0.13 | 1.55 | 0.222^ | 0.003 | 0.97 |
| Division | ||||||||||
| Others | 41.27 | 29.84 | 54.40 | 30.49 | 13.13 | 0.65 | 12.48 | Ref. | - | - |
| Dhaka | 29.69 | 49.56 | 14.73 | 52.56 | -14.96 | 3.00 | -17.96 | -0.096* | 0.017 | 5.48 |
| Chittagong | 29.04 | 20.59 | 30.87 | 16.95 | 1.83 | -3.64 | 5.47 | -0.132** | -0.007 | -2.26 |
| Household size (≥7 members) | 29.91 | 46.72 | 25.99 | 26.61 | -3.92 | -20.11 | 16.19 | -0.003 | -0.001 | -0.32 |
| National wealth index | ||||||||||
| Richest | - | 87.34 | - | 55.13 | - | -32.21 | 32.21 | Ref. | - | - |
| Richer | 19.11 | 12.66 | - | 35.53 | -19.11 | 22.87 | -41.98 | -0.205*** | 0.086 | 27.74 |
| Middle | 34.57 | - | 23.57 | 9.34 | -11.00 | 9.34 | -20.34 | -0.192** | 0.039 | 12.58 |
| Poorer | 28.31 | - | 32.07 | - | 3.76 | - | 3.76 | -0.221** | -0.008 | -2.58 |
| Poorest | 18.01 | - | 44.36 | - | 26.35 | - | 26.35 | -0.379*** | -0.100 | -32.26 |
| Total | 0.171 | 55.19% | ||||||||