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Table 3 Logistic regression estimates for stunting aged under five by background characteristics in Bangladesh

From: Factors contributing to the reduction in childhood stunting in Bangladesh: a pooled data analysis from the Bangladesh demographic and health surveys of 2004 and 2017–18

Background characteristics

AOR(95% CI)

Year

 2004

Ref.

 2017–18

0.54*(0.49,0.59)

Mother’s characteristics

Age at first birth

  Less than 18 years

Ref.

  18 years or more

0.95(0.88,1.02)

Educational status

  Not educated

Ref.

  Educated

0.92(0.83,1.02)

Working status

  Not working

Ref.

  Working

1.04(0.96,1.13)

Low BMI

  No

0.71*(0.66,0.78)

  Yes

Ref.

Father’s characteristics

Educational status

  Not educated

Ref.

  Educated

0.82*(0.75,0.90)

Working status

  Not working

Ref.

  Working

1.04(0.8,1.37)

Child’s characteristics

Children age (in months)

  0–23

Ref.

  23–47

1.85*(1.71,2.01)

  48–59

1.35*(1.22,1.49)

Sex

  Male

Ref.

  Female

1.00(0.93,1.08)

Birth order

  1

Ref.

  2

0.96(0.87,1.05)

  3

1.01(0.91,1.13)

  4 and above

1.24*(1.11,1.38)

Household characteristics

Protected water source

  No

Ref.

  Yes

1.00(0.88,1.14)

Improved toilet facility

  No

Ref.

  Yes

0.92*(0.84,1.06)

Wealth Index

  Poorest

Ref.

  Poorer

0.93(0.83,1.04)

  Middle

0.75*(0.67,0.85)

  Richer

0.67*(0.59,0.75)

  Richest

0.35*(0.3,0.4)

Religion

  Islam

Ref.

  Others

0.88*(0.77,1.08)

Residential status

  Urban

Ref.

  Rural

0.93(0.86,1.02)

Region

  Barisal

Ref.

  Chittagong

1.09(0.95,1.25)

  Dhaka

0.94(0.82,1.08)

  Khulna

0.75*(0.64,0.87)

  Rajshahi

0.77*(0.67,0.88)

  Sylhet

1.30*(1.12,1.51)

  1. *p < 0.05; AOR Adjusted Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, Ref Reference category