Table 1 Sample characteristics including sociodemographic data, screen exposure and assessment of child development by the ASQ-BR; Ceará, Brazil (n = 3155)
From: Screen time and early childhood development in Ceará, Brazil: a population-based study
Sample characteristics | Mean ± SD | N (%) |
|---|---|---|
Maternal and household characteristics | ||
Age (years) (min-max) | 28.2 ± 7.1 (10–49) | |
Education (years of schooling) | 4.5 ± 2.8 | |
Having a husband or partner | 2233 (72.6) | |
Maternal unemployment | 2219 (78.7) | |
Monthly household income (Brazilian Reais)a | 1087.7 ± 1004.7 | |
Participation in conditional cash transfer programb | 1709 (54.2) | |
Child Characteristics | ||
Male gender | 1582 (50.1) | |
Age in months | 27.1 ± 17.4 | |
Screen time (hours per day) | ||
Television | 1.5 ± 1.7 | |
Touch devices | 0.6 ± 1.2 | |
Video game | 0.3 ± 0.9 | |
Total screen time exposure | 2.6 ± 0.6 | |
Excessive screen exposure by age group | ||
0–12 months | 327 (41.7) | |
13–24 months | 525 (73.6) | |
25–36 months | 441 (68.3) | |
37–48 months | 381 (76.8) | |
49–60 months | 431 (85.2) | |
Total sample | 2454 (69.0) | |
ASQ-BR age-standardized scores by domain | ||
Communication | 52.2 ± 11.5 | |
Gross motor | 55.4 ± 9.3 | |
Fine motor | 49.7 ± 13.7 | |
Problem solving | 50.7 ± 12.5 | |
Personal-Social | 50.1 ± 11.7 | |