Table 2 Bivariate analysis to assess the relationship between the independent variables and maternal health care service utilization (n = 4278)
Variables | Recommended ANC | P value | Skilled Delivery | P value | Received PNC | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No (%) | Yes (%) | No (%) | Yes (%) | No (%) | Yes (%) | ||||
Health insurance | |||||||||
 No | 3121(95.0) | 958(92.4) | 0.001 | 2239 (95.2) | 1840(93.4) | 0.09 | 3773(94.7) | 306(91.5) | 0.06 |
 Yes | 126 (5.0) | 73 (7.6) | 76(4.8) | 123(6.6) | 169 (5.3) | 30 (8.5) | |||
Age | |||||||||
 15–19 | 259 (6.9) | 53 (4.6) | 0.013 | 161 (6.0) | 151(7.2) | 0.000 | 297 (6.6) | 15 (4.9) | 0.45 |
 20–24 | 716(20.5) | 211(19.9) | 437 (17.1) | 490(25.7) | 861(20.1) | 66 (24.8) | |||
 25–34 | 1870(59.6) | 689(66.7) | 1360 (61.2) | 1199(60.5) | 861(20.1) | 66 (24.8) | |||
 35–49 | 402(12.9) | 78 (8.8) | 357 (15.7) | 123 (6.6) | 2344(61.0) | 215(59.4) | |||
Education | |||||||||
 No education | 1962(61.8) | 333(40.0) | 0.000 | 1673 (71.8) | 622(35.5) | 0.000 | 2154(58.9) | 141(43.5) | 0.001 |
 Primary | 947(30.1) | 355(35.3) | 560 (26.1) | 742 (38.9) | 1197(30.7) | 105(36.1) | |||
 Secondary | 240 (5.6) | 197(14.1) | 71 (1.7) | 366 (15.7) | 386 (6.8) | 51 (12.0) | |||
 Higher | 98 (2.5) | 146(10.6) | 11 (0.4) | 233 (9.8) | 205 (3.7) | 39 (8.3) | |||
Marital status | |||||||||
 Never in union | 34 (0.9) | 22 (2.3) | 0.029 | 14 (0.7) | 42(1.9) | 0.041 | 50 (1.2) | 6 (1.7) | 0.74 |
 Currently union | 2921(91.3) | 916(90.6) | 2109(91.8) | 1728(90.2) | 3544(91.3) | 293(90.7) | |||
 Formerly union | 292 (7.7) | 93 (7.0) | 192 (7.4) | 193 (7.9) | 348 (7.6) | 37 (7.6) | |||
Residence | |||||||||
 Urban | 565(12.1) | 545(33.5) | 0.000 | 143 (3.3) | 967 (36.4) | 0.000 | 984 (15.2) | 126(27.6) | 0.000 |
 Rural | 2682(87.9) | 486(66.5) | 2172(96.7) | 996 (63.6) | 2958(84.8) | 210(72.4) | |||
Wealth index | |||||||||
 Poorest | 1040(19.5) | 101(8.5) | 0.000 | 923 (23.8) | 218 (7.5) | 0.000 | 1098(18.2) | 43 (6.9) | 0.000 |
 Poorer | 569(21.6) | 95 (11.7) | 431 (22.8) | 233 (14.9) | 620 (20.4) | 44 (11.6) | |||
 Middle | 539 (23.1) | 113(15.5) | 416 (24.5) | 236 (17.1) | 601 (21.7) | 51 (21.0) | |||
 Richer | 455 (19.7) | 126(21.6) | 344 (21.1) | 237 (18.3) | 524 (19.6) | 57 (25.6) | |||
 Richest | 644 (16.2) | 596(42.7) | 201 (7.7) | 1039(42.2) | 1099(20.0) | 141(34.9) | |||
Occupation | |||||||||
 Not Working | 1722(51.1) | 502(47.7) | 0.214 | 1263 (51.9) | 961 (48.2) | 0.133 | 2085(51.3) | 139(38.3) | 0.00 |
 Working | 1525(48.9) | 529(52.3) | 1052 (48.1) | 1002(51.8) | 1857(48.7) | 197(61.7) | |||
Media access | |||||||||
 No | 2197(67.4) | 345(41.7) | 0.000 | 1776 (73.9) | 766 (44.9) | 0.000 | 2398(64.2) | 144(41.9) | 0.000 |
 Yes | 1050(32.6) | 686(58.3) | 539 (26.1) | 1197(55.1) | 1544(35.8) | 192(58.1) | |||
Distance | |||||||||
 Big problem | 1726(56.5) | 353(40.2) | 0.000 | 1433 (62.0) | 646 (40.0) | 0.000 | 1963(54.8) | 116(35.9) | 0.000 |
 No big problem | 1521(43.5) | 678(59.8) | 882 (38.0) | 1317(60.0) | 1979(45.2) | 220(64.1) | |||
Pregnancy wanted | |||||||||
 Then | 2590(75.4) | 832(78.4) | 0.23 | 1844 (75.4) | 1578(76.9) | 0.18 | 3154(76.2) | 268(72.8) | 0.025 |
 Later | 419 (15.7) | 150(15.1) | 292 (15.2) | 277 (16.2) | 521 (15.1) | 48(22.4) | |||
 No more | 238 (8.9) | 49 (6.5) | 179 (9.4) | 108 (6.9) | 267 (8.7) | 20 (4.8) | |||
Parity | |||||||||
 One | 1035(29.3) | 435(38.6) | 0.000 | 572 (21.8) | 898 (45.6) | 0.000 | 1356(30.9) | 114(32.4) | 0.003 |
 2–4 | 1133(36.2) | 419(39.4) | 807 (36.5) | 745 (37.3) | 1417(36.1) | 135(46.6) | |||
  > =5 | 1079(34.5) | 177(22.0) | 936 (41.7) | 320 (17.1) | 1169(33.0) | 87 (21.1) | |||