Fig. 1

Mental health and health status mean scores before and after the initial COVID-19 outbreak. Mean values and 95% CI as error bars before (pre) and after (post) the outbreak of COVID-19 of PHQ-2: Patient Health Questionnaire-2, M_{PHQ-2 pre} = 1.19 vs. M_{PHQ-2 post} = 1.50 (a); GAD-2: Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2, M_{GAD-2 pre} = 1.32 vs. M_{GAD-2 post} = 1.74 (b); DT: Distress Thermometer, M_{DT pre} = 3.79 vs. M_{DT post} = 4.71 (c); EQ-5D-3L: European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level, M_{EQ-5D-3L pre} = 71.40 vs. M_{EQ-5D-3L post} = 68.68 (d). All differences between mean scores were significant (p < .005)