Table 5 Percentage changes and correlates of any form of IPV  from 2005-06 to 2015-16 as per the National Family Health Survey (Rounds 3 and 4), India

Total

38.9 (38.55–39.31)

32.8 (32.4–33.2)

−15.7

 15–19 (Ref)

33.0 (31.7–34.4)

23.1 (21.4–24.9)

−30.0

1

1

 20–24

37.0 (36.1–37.8)

28.4 (27.5–29.3)

−23.2

1.3 (1.2–1.5)

1.1 (0.9–1.3)

0.07

 25–34

39.4 (38.5–40.2)

32.3 (31.5–33.1)

−18.0

1.4 (1.3–1.6)

1.0 (0.8–1.2)

0.82

 35+

40.2 (39.7–40.7)

34.6 (34.1–35.0)

−13.9

1.5 (1.4–1.7)

0.9 (0.8–1.1)

0.44

 No education (Ref)

48.8 (48.3–49.4)

43.5 (42.8–44.2)

−10.9

1

1

 Primary

41.6 (40.6–42.5)

39.0 (37.9–40.0)

−6.3

0.8 (0.8–0.9)

1 (0.9–1.0)

0.38

 Secondary+

25.5 (24.9–26.0)

24.8 (24.4–25.3)

−2.7

0.5 (0.4–0.5)

0.8 (0.7–0.8)

0.00

 No education (Ref)

49.7 (48.9–50.4)

45.1 (44.2–46.0)

−9.3

1

1

 Primary

46.6 (45.7–47.6)

40 (39.0–41.0)

−14.2

0.9 (0.8–0.9)

1 (0.9–1.1)

0.67

 Secondary+

31.7 (31.2–32.2)

27.7 (27.3–28.1)

−12.6

0.5 (0.5–0.5)

0.9 (0.8–0.9)

0.00

 Poorest (Ref)

51.8 (50.9–52.6)

45.5 (44.6–46.5)

−12.2

1

1

 Poorer

48.5 (47.6–49.3)

40.3 (39.4–41.2)

−16.9

0.7 (0.7–0.8)

0.9 (0.9–1.0)

0.05

 Middle

41.9 (41.0–42.7)

34.6 (33.8–35.5)

−17.4

0.6 (0.5–0.6)

0.8 (0.8–0.9)

0.00

 Richer

34.2 (33.4–35.0)

28.5 (27.7–29.3)

−16.7

0.4 (0.4–0.5)

0.7 (0.7–0.8)

0.00

 Richest

20.2 (19.5–20.9)

18.8 (18.1–19.4)

−6.9

0.3 (0.3–0.3)

0.5 (0.5–0.6)

0.00

 Hindu

38.8 (38.4–39.2)

33.7 (33.2–34.1)

−13.1

1

1

 Others

39.5 (38.6–40.3)

30.9 (30.1–31.7)

−21.8

0.8 (0.7–0.8)

1 (0.9–1.0)

0.25

 Urban

31.4 (30.7–32.0)

24.4 (23.8–25.0)

−22.3

1

1

 Rural

42.3 (41.8–42.7)

33.5 (33.1–34.0)

−20.8

1.4 (1.3–1.4)

0.9 (0.9–0.9)

0.00

 North(Ref)

34.6 (33.5–35.6)

23.9 (23.0–24.9)

−30.9

1

1

 Central

44.3 (43.5–45.1)

36.4 (35.6–37.2)

−17.8

2.0 (1.9–2.1)

1.3 (1.3–1.5)

0.00

 East

47.9 (47.1–48.7)

38.6 (37.8–39.4)

−19.4

2.4 (2.2–2.5)

1.3 (1.4–1.6)

0.00

 North-east

38.3 (36.3–40.4)

27.1 (25.2–29.0)

−29.2

1.4 (1.4–1.5)

1.2 (1.1–1.2)

0.00

 West

32.2 (31.2–33.1)

22 (21.2–22.8)

−31.7

1.0 (1.0–1.1)

1.1 (1.0–1.2)

0.06

 South

30.5 (29.7–31.2)

32.8 (35.7–37.2)

7.5

1.9 (1.8–2.0)

1.4 (1.3–1.5)

0.00

 0(Ref)

27.6 (26.6–28.7)

20.3 (19.3–21.3)

−26.4

1

1

 1–2

32.6 (32.0–33.1)

29.2 (28.7–29.7)

−10.4

1.4 (1.3–1.5)

1.4 (1.3–1.5)

0.00

 3+

46.3 (45.8–46.9)

40.4 (39.8–41.0)

−12.7

2.3 (2.1–2.4)

1.6 (1.5–1.8)

0.00

 Not empower

–

29.1 (28.7–29.5)

–

1

1

 Empower

–

35.7 (34.8–36.5)

–

1.4 (1.3–1.4)

1.1 (1.1–1.1)

0.00

 No(Ref)

33.9 (33.5–34.3)

26.2 (25.8–26.7)

−22.7

1

1

 Yes

61.1 (60.2–62.0)

57.5 (56.9–58.0)

−5.9

4.1 (4.0–4.3)

3.4 (3.2–3.5)

0.00

 0–4(Ref)

27.0 (26.2–27.8)

21.2 (20.5–21.9)

−21.5

1

1

 5–9

39.1 (38.3–39.9)

32.8 (32.0–33.7)

−16.1

1.6 (1.5–1.7)

1.4 (1.3–1.5)

0.00

 10–14

42.8 (41.9–43.7)

35.3 (34.4–36.2)

−17.5

1.8 (1.7–1.9)

1.5 (1.4–1.7)

0.00

 15–19

42.2 (41.2–43.1)

36.3 (35.4–37.3)

−14.0

1.9 (1.8–2.0)

1.5 (1.4–1.7)

0.00

 20+

42.4 (41.6–43.1)

36.6 (36.0–37.3)

−13.7

1.9 (1.8–2.0)

1.5 (1.3–1.7)

0.00

 None(Ref)

38.7 (38.3–39.1)

32.4 (32.0–32.7)

−16.3

1

1

 One and more

52.1 (49.1–55.0)

55.5 (52.4–58.6)

6.5

1.9 (1.7–2.2)

1.5 (1.3–1.8)

0.00

 Below 18(Ref)

45 (44.5–45.5)

38.4 (37.8–39.0)

−14.7

1

1

 More than 18 years

30.1 (29.5–30.6)

28.5 (28.0–28.9)

−5.3

0.6 (0.6–0.7)

0.9 (0.9–0.9)

0.00

 No(Ref)

27.8 (27.4–28.2)

19.9 (19.5–20.4)

−28.4

1

1

 Yes

55.7 (54.5–57.0)

47.7 (47.1–48.3)

−14.4

3.7 (3.5–3.8)

3.2 (3.0–3.3)

0.00

 No(Ref)

32.0 (31.5–32.4)

32.4 (32.0–32.8)

1.3

1

1

 Yes

53.8 (53.1–54.5)

59.8 (59.0–60.5)

11.2

3.3 (3.2–3.4)

2.5 (2.4–2.6)

0.00