Table 3 Logistic Regression Showing Odds Estimates of Pap Smear Testing amongst Women aged 15–49 years by Population Characteristics in South Africa
Population Characteristic | Ever had Pap Smear, N = 2098 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model I: Unadjusted AOR | Model II: Adjusted AOR | |||||||
OR | p > Z | [95% Conf. Interval] | OR | p > Z | [95% Conf. Interval] | |||
Age group | ||||||||
15–24 | RC |  |  |  | RC |  |  |  |
25–34 | 5.61 | 0.000 | 4.3862 | 7.17 | 6.09 | 0.000 | 4.78 | 7.76 |
35–44 | 12.14 | 0.000 | 9.3698 | 15.73 | 13.62 | 0.000 | 10.57 | 17.55 |
45+ | 11.95 | 0.000 | 9.2343 | 15.47 | 13.06 | 0.000 | 10.12 | 16.85 |
Population Group | ||||||||
 African/Black | RC |  |  |  | RC |  |  |  |
 White | 2.21 | 0.000 | 1.54 | 3.16 | 2.48 | 0.000 | 1.75 | 3.51 |
 Coloured | 1.05 | 0.697 | 0.81 | 1.37 | 1.07 | 0.697 | 0.82 | 1.39 |
 Indian/Asian | 1.56 | 0.107 | 0.91 | 2.68 | 1.63 | 0.107 | 0.95 | 2.80 |
Province | ||||||||
 Western Cape | RC |  |  |  | RC |  |  |  |
 Eastern Cape | 0.40 | 0.000 | 0.29 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.000 | 0.29 | 0.55 |
 Northern Cape | 0.38 | 0.000 | 0.28 | 0.52 | 0.37 | 0.000 | 0.27 | 0.50 |
  Free State | 0.33 | 0.000 | 0.24 | 0.47 | 0.33 | 0.000 | 0.23 | 0.45 |
 KwaZulu-Natal | 0.31 | 0.000 | 0.22 | 0.43 | 0.30 | 0.000 | 0.22 | 0.42 |
 North West | 0.46 | 0.000 | 0.33 | 0.64 | 0.46 | 0.000 | 0.33 | 0.64 |
 Gauteng | 0.24 | 0.000 | 0.17 | 0.34 | 0.24 | 0.000 | 0.17 | 0.34 |
 Mpumalanga | 0.41 | 0.000 | 0.29 | 0.57 | 0.41 | 0.000 | 0.29 | 0.57 |
 Limpopo | 0.31 | 0.000 | 0.22 | 0.43 | 0.31 | 0.000 | 0.22 | 0.43 |
Geographical Type | ||||||||
 Urban | RC |  |  |  | RC |  |  |  |
 Rural | 0.73 | 0.000 | 0.62 | 0.86 | 0.72 | 0.000 | 0.61 | 0.86 |
Educational Attainment | ||||||||
 No education | RC |  |  |  | RC |  |  |  |
 Primary | 1.86 | 0.000 | 1.46 | 2.38 | 1.88 | 0.000 | 1.47 | 2.40 |
 Secondary | 2.72 | 0.000 | 2.14 | 3.47 | 2.92 | 0.000 | 2.30 | 3.71 |
 Higher | 4.45 | 0.000 | 3.20 | 6.19 | 5.61 | 0.000 | 4.09 | 7.70 |
Marital Status | ||||||||
 Never Married | RC |  |  |  | RC |  |  |  |
 Married | 1.31 | 0.000 | 1.13 | 1.53 | 1.33 | 0.000 | 1.14 | 1.54 |
 Divorced | 2.53 | 0.000 | 1.60 | 4.02 | 2.58 | 0.000 | 1.63 | 4.09 |
 Widowed | 0.90 | 0.342 | 0.73 | 1.12 | 0.89 | 0.342 | 0.72 | 1.09 |
Health insurance Cover | ||||||||
 No | RC |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 1.37 | 0.003 | 1.11 | 1.69 |  |  |  |  |
Wealth Index | ||||||||
 Poor | RC |  |  |  | RC |  |  |  |
 Middle | 1.12 | 0.192 | 0.94 | 1.33 | 1.14 | 0.192 | 0.96 | 1.35 |
 Rich | 1.38 | 0.001 | 1.14 | 1.67 | 1.47 | 0.001 | 1.22 | 1.77 |
Occupation | ||||||||
 Not working | RC |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Professional/Formal | 1.38 | 0.000 | 1.16 | 1.65 |  |  |  |  |
 Non-professional/Informal | 1.24 | 0.016 | 1.04 | 1.48 |  |  |  |  |
Perceived health status | ||||||||
 Poor | RC |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Average | 0.80 | 0.025 | 0.66 | 0.97 | 0.82 | 0.025 | 0.68 | 0.99 |
 Good | 0.81 | 0.040 | 0.67 | 0.99 | 0.84 | 0.040 | 0.69 | 1.03 |
 Excellent | 0.67 | 0.003 | 0.51 | 0.88 | 0.71 | 0.003 | 0.55 | 0.92 |