Skip to main content

Table 1 Baseline sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics of the NHANES 2009–2014 study sample according to sleep outcomes (N = 4,478)

From: Association between pesticide exposure and sleep health among a representative sample of US adults: evidence from NHANES 2009–2014

 

N

Insufficient Sleepa (%)

Trouble Sleeping (%)

Sex

Male

2190

35.9

24.5

Female

2288

33.7

31.0

p

 

0.22

<.0001

Age group

  < 30 years

766

33.1

14.9

30–39 years

731

32.6

20.4

40–49 years

774

41.6

31.2

50–59 years

751

39.4

34.2

  ≥ 60 years

1456

29.1

29.7

p

 

<.0001

<.0001

Race/ethnicity

Hispanic

1052

37.2

17.3

NH White

2015

31.4

29.4

NH Black

917

50.1

23.8

Other

494

38.8

18.3

p

 

<.0001

<.0001

BMI (kg/m2)

Underweight (BMI < 18.5)

101

41.6

26.3

Normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9)

1229

31.1

23.4

Overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9)

1446

33.0

26.5

Obese (BMI ≥ 30)

1702

38.5

28.5

p

 

0.01

0.13

Smoking Behavior

Never Smoker

2506

32.4

21.7

Current Smoker

914

42.2

31.4

Former smoker

1058

34.1

33.4

p

 

0.0003

<.0001

Marital status

Never married

875

33.4

24.1

Married/living with partner

2644

33.9

24.9

Separated, divorced, widowed

959

39.0

33.8

p

 

0.15

<.0001

Educational Attainment

  < 9 years

409

37.3

18.5

9–11 years

633

40.7

28.9

12 years

976

41.0

30.5

  > 12 years

2460

31.4

25.2

p

 

<.0001

0.0017

Moderate Physical Activity

None

2592

38.3

26.6

Any

1886

30.6

26.1

p

 

0.0006

0.78

Poverty-Income Ratio (PIR)

No Poverty (PIR ≥ 1.0)

3233

33.5

26.0

Any Poverty (PIR < 1.0)

1245

39.8

27.9

p

 

0.0006

0.32

Household Food Insecurity (HFI)

None

3064

32.6

25.4

Any

1414

41.6

29.4

p

 

<.0001

0.01

  1. a Indicates percentage of sample with insufficient sleep duration based on AASM recommendations for adults ≥ 20 years
  2. ABR: N sample size; BMI body-mass index; NH Non-Hispanic; PIR poverty-income ratio; HFI household food insecurity
  3. All p values obtained from the Rao-Scott χ2 test