Whole sample | Children with at least one smoking parent figure | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | P | ||
Pupil’s awareness of e-cigarettes, ever use of e-cigarettes and tobacco, and smoking susceptibility | |||||
Smoking susceptibility N = 6647/2654 | 2007 | 1.32 (1.01 to 1.72) | 0.045 | 1.18 (0.80 to 1.73) | 0.407 |
2008 | 1.43 (1.10 to 1.87) | 0.008 | 1.32 (0.90 to 1.91) | 0.151 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 1.03 (0.80 to 1.32) | 0.838 | 0.95 (0.67 to 1.35) | 0.782 | |
Ever smoked N = 6711/2677 | 2007 | 2.85 (1.68 to 4.82) | < 0.001 | 2.99 (1.55 to 5.76) | 0.001 |
2008 | 2.20 (1.17 to 4.12) | 0.015 | 2.89 (1.37 to 6.10) | < 0.001 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | ||
2019 | 0.53 (0.27 to 1.04) | 0.066 | 0.71 (0.33 to 1.56) | 0.396 | |
Heard of e-cigarettes N = 3533/1278 | 2014 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
2019 | 2.56 (2.12 to 3.10) | < 0.001 | 3.45 (2.56 to 4.65) | < 0.001 | |
Ever used an e-cigarette N = 3499/1268 | 2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | |
2019 | 0.80 (0.57 to 1.13) | 0.206 | 0.95 (0.59 to 1.50) | 0.812 | |
Parental smoking and vaping | |||||
Parent figures smoke N = 6475 | 2007 | 1.32 (1.10 to 1.58) | 0.003 | – | |
2008 | 1.18 (0.99 to 1.39) | 0.060 | – | ||
2014 | 1.00 | – | – | ||
2019 | 0.85 (0.68 to 1.05) | 0.130 | – | ||
Parent figure uses e-cigarettes N = 3330b/1203 | 2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
2019 | 1.26 (1.00 to 1.57) | 0.046 | 1.24 (0.97 to 1.57) | 0.085 | |
Exposure to tobacco and e-cigarettes in the home | |||||
Parent figures smoke in the home N = 6501/2605 | 2007 | 2.05 (1.71 to 2.47) | < 0.001 | 2.71 (2.05 to 3.57) | < 0.001 |
2008 | 1.73 (1.43 to 2.10) | < 0.001 | 2.21 (1.71 to 2.84) | < 0.001 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 0.79 (0.63 to 0.99) | 0.042 | 0.80 (0.64 to 1.00) | 0.046 | |
Someone smoking in home yesterday N = 6605/2626 | 2007 | 2.35 (1.88 to 2.94) | < 0.001 | 2.58 (2.03 to 3.27) | < 0.001 |
2008 | 2.21 (1.78 to 2.74) | < 0.001 | 2.49 (1.98 to 3.13) | < 0.001 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 0.88 (0.69 to 1.11) | 0.273 | 1.01 (0.79 to 1.29) | 0.957 | |
Smoking rules in the homea N = 5915/2369 | Partial vs full restriction. Full restriction is reference | ||||
2007 | 1.52 (1.26 to 1.83) | < 0.001 | 1.56 (1.24 to 1.95) | < 0.001 | |
2008 | 1.39 (1.15 to 1.67) | 0.001 | 1.71 (1.37 to 2.13) | < 0.001 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 1.13 (0.91 to 1.40) | 0.262 | 1.40 (1.11 to 1.76) | 0.005 | |
None vs full restriction. Full restriction is reference | |||||
2007 | 4.33 (2.91 to 6.44) | < 0.001 | 4.63 (3.00 to 7.14) | < 0.001 | |
2008 | 3.36 (2.27 to 4.98) | < 0.001 | 4.16 (2.73 to 6.32) | < 0.001 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 1.21 (0.83 to 1.77) | 0.324 | 1.23 (0.81 to 1.89) | 0.333 | |
Visitors smoke in the home N = 5536/2032b | 2007 | 2.46 (2.01 to 3.01) | < 0.001 | 2.83 (2.19 to 3.65) | < 0.001 |
2008 | 1.89 (1.54 to 2.32) | < 0.001 | 2.46 (1.87 to 3.24) | < 0.001 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 0.66 (0.52 to 0.82) | < 0.001 | 0.72 (0.54 to 0.95) | 0.023 | |
People use e-cigarettes in the home N = 3477/1256 | 2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
2019 | 1.41 (1.13 to 1.77) | 0.003 | 1.48 (1.12 to 1.95) | 0.006 | |
Exposure to tobacco and e-cigarettes in a car | |||||
Smoking allowed in family car N = 6689/2669 | 2007 | 2.55 (2.07 to 3.15) | < 0.001 | 2.41 (1.90 to 3.05) | < 0.001 |
2008 | 2.20 (1.75 to 2.76) | < 0.001 | 2.13 (1.70 to 2.68) | < 0.001 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 0.67 (0.52 to 0.88) | 0.004 | 0.65 (0.50 to 0.85) | 0.002 | |
In a car where someone was smoking yesterday N = 6615/2632 | 2007 | 1.83 (1.31 to 2.56) | 0.001 | 1.90 (1.30 to 2.78) | 0.001 |
2008 | 1.79 (1.31 to 2.43) | < 0.001 | 1.90 (1.35 to 2.67) | < 0.001 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 0.52 (0.36 to 0.75) | 0.001 | 0.57 (0.37 to 0.88) | 0.012 | |
Sometimes in a car where people are smoking N = 3587/1305 | 2014 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
2019 | 0.64 (0.52 to 0.78) | < 0.001 | 0.54 (0.42 to 0.70) | < 0.001 | |
Someone uses e-cigarettes while I am inside car N = 3463/1249 | 2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
2019 | 1.56 (1.19 to 2.05) | 0.002 | 1.76 (1.25 to 2.48) | 0.001 | |
Exposure to smoking and e-cigarettes in public placesc | |||||
Number of public places children reported seeing smoking in the past month N = 3544 / 1284 | 2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
2019 | 0.74 (0.64 to 0.86) | < 0.001 | 0.6 (0.48 to 0.76) | < 0.001 | |
Number of public places children reported seeing e-cigarettes in the past month N = 3461/1260 | 2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
2019 | 2.18 (0.95 to 1.26) | < 0.001 | 1.80 (1.43 to 2.26) | < 0.001 | |
Perceived smoking norms | |||||
Most adults in Wales smoke N = 6672/2665 | 2007 | 1.39 (1.15 to 1.68) | 0.001 | 1.09 (0.85 to 1.40) | 0.483 |
2008 | 1.23 (1.02 to 1.48) | 0.030 | 1.11 (0.85 to 1.45) | 0.461 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 0.66 (0.54 to 0.80) | < 0.001 | 0.65 (0.50 to 0.84) | 0.001 | |
More than hardly any children my age smoke N = 6631/2645 | 2007 | 1.54 (1.24 to 1.90) | < 0.001 | 1.28 (0.97 to 1.68) | 0.078 |
2008 | 1.36 (1.10 to 1.67) | 0.005 | 1.20 (0.90 to 1.60) | 0.203 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 0.69 (0.55 to 0.86) | 0.001 | 0.68 (0.51 to 0.91) | 0.010 | |
Mind people smoking around me N = 6591/2631 | 2007 | 1.28 (1.00 to 1.65) | 0.052 | 1.58 (1.15 to 2.18) | 0.005 |
2008 | 1.25 (0.99 to 1.59) | 0.064 | 1.40 (1.03 to 1.90) | 0.032 | |
2014 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | |
2019 | 0.68 (0.53 to 0.88) | 0.003 | 0.88 (0.63 to 1.22) | 0.428 |