| Perceived susceptibility | Perceived severity | Benefit | Barrier | Internal Cues to action | External Cues to action | behavior |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD |
 15–29 | 21.2 ± 5.5 | 18.5 ± 5.2 | 16.4 ± 3.2 | 14.0 ± 5.1 | 15.8 ± 4.2 | 16.0 ± 3.3 | 30.8 ± 5.1 |
 30–49 | 21.0 ± 5.2 | 19.5 ± 4.3 | 17.2 ± 3.2 | 13.4 ± 5.6 | 16.5 ± 3.2 | 17.1 ± 2.9 | 32.0 ± 4.1 |
 50–69 | 21.7 ± 5.0 | 19.7 ± 6.2 | 17.1 ± 3.9 | 15.2 ± 5.1 | 15.8 ± 3.3 | 16.5 ± 3.0 | 31.4 ± 4.2 |
  ≥ 70 | 22.2 ± 6.4 | 19.0 ± 2.1 | 16.7 ± 2.4 | 13.6 ± 5.0 | 16.6 ± 2.2 | 16.5 ± 3.1 | 33.6 ± 3.1 |
P value (derived from ANOVA) | 0.63 | 0.022 | 0.005 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.001 | 0.007 |
Gender | |||||||
 Male | 21.4 ± 5.2 | 19.8 ± 5.7 | 17.0 ± 3.2 | 14.1 ± 5.4 | 16.2 ± 3.2 | 16.7 ± 3.0 | 31.2 ± 4.5 |
 Female | 21.0 ± 5.2 | 18.8 ± 4.6 | 16.8 ± 3.4 | 13.3 ± 5.2 | 16.2 ± 3.8 | 16.7 ± 3.1 | 31.9 ± 4.4 |
P value (derived from t test) | 0.29 | 0.001 | 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.91 | 0.90 | 0.02 |
Education | |||||||
 University | 19.8 ± 5.0 | 19.1 ± 3.9 | 17.5 ± 3.0 | 12.2 ± 5.2 | 16.7 ± 4.0 | 17.2 ± 2.9 | 32.2 ± 3.5 |
 High school | 20.9 ± 4.8 | 19.0 ± 5.1 | 16.9 ± 3.0 | 13.6 ± 5.3 | 16.1 ± 3.5 | 16.7 ± 3.1 | 31.7 ± 4.7 |
 Secondary school | 23.0 ± 6.1 | 19.7 ± 5.7 | 16.5 ± 3.9 | 15.2 ± 5.5 | 15.6 ± 3.4 | 16.2 ± 3.2 | 31.2 ± 4.6 |
 Primary school | 24.0 ± 4.5 | 19.3 ± 3.8 | 16.5 ± 3.0 | 16.0 ± 4.9 | 15.7 ± 2.7 | 15.8 ± 2.5 | 29.5 ± 5.1 |
P value (derived from ANOVA) | 0.001 | 0.163 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Marital status | |||||||
 Married | 23.1 ± 7.0 | 19.6 ± 4.8 | 17.1 ± 3.2 | 13.1 ± 5.3 | 16.3 ± 3.3 | 15.8 ± 3.5 | 32.2 ± 4.0 |
 Divorced or widowed | 23.5 ± 7.1 | 17.9 ± 4.5 | 15.9 ± 2.9 | 14.8 ± 5.1 | 15.6 ± 3.1 | 17.1 ± 3.0 | 30.1 ± 5.7 |
Single | 21.6 ± 6.5 | 18.1 ± 4.4 | 16.4 ± 3.4 | 14.3 ± 5.0 | 15.7 ± 4.5 | 15.9 ± 3.2 | 30.3 ± 5.3 |
 P value (derived from ANOVA) | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Occupation | |||||||
 housewife | 21.7 ± 5.4 | 19.2 ± 4.5 | 16.6 ± 3.4 | 14.1 ± 5.1 | 16.0 ± 3.3 | 16.6 ± 2.9 | 31.9 ± 4.1 |
 worker | 21.9 ± 4.9 | 19.8 ± 3.7 | 16.6 ± 3.3 | 15.2 ± 5.9 | 16.1 ± 3.7 | 16.4 ± 3.4 | 30.5 ± 5.3 |
 Employee | 20.1 ± 4.5 | 18.9 ± 4.6 | 17.7 ± 3.1 | 11.9 ± 5.0 | 16.7 ± 3.3 | 17.2 ± 3.0 | 32.4 ± 3.8 |
 self-employment | 21.1 ± 5.3 | 19.9 ± 7.5 | 16.7 ± 3.4 | 13.6 ± 5.5 | 15.9 ± 3.1 | 16.5 ± 3.0 | 31.3 ± 4.6 |
 Retired | 21.8 ± 7.0 | 19.5 ± 4.7 | 16.6 ± 2.4 | 15.6 ± 5.5 | 16.7 ± 2.9 | 17.4 ± 3.3 | 31.2 ± 4.6 |
 workless | 21.8 ± 5.4 | 19.6 ± 3.5 | 15.4 ± 3.2 | 16.3 ± 4.4 | 14.3 ± 2.1 | 14.0 ± 2.3 | 27.3 ± 6.0 |
P value (derived from ANOVA) | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Chronic disease | |||||||
 Yes | 21.5 ± 5.4 | 19.1 ± 4.9 | 17.2 ± 3.0 | 14.1 ± 5.8 | 16.2 ± 3.6 | 16.7 ± 3.2 | 31.3 ± 4.5 |
 No | 21.1 ± 5.2 | 19.6 ± 5.4 | 16.8 ± 3.2 | 13.5 ± 5.2 | 16.1 ± 3.7 | 16.8 ± 3.0 | 31.7 ± 4.3 |
P value (derived from t test) | 0.44 | 0.223 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.21 |