Table 1 Distribution of demographic, health, and coping factors for the overall sample and between the two latent trajectory groups of depressive symptomsa
Variables | Overall sample | Depression Trajectories | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Low and consistent | High and increasing | |||
Age, n (%) | 0.0037 | |||
  < 50 years | 297 (56.57) | 156 (50.98) | 98 (65.33) |  |
  ≥ 50 years | 228 (43.43) | 150 (49.02) | 52 (34.67) |  |
Sex, n (%) | 0.0339 | |||
 Male | 106 (20.58) | 70 (23.10) | 21 (14.48) |  |
 Female | 409 (79.42) | 233 (76.90) | 124 (85.52) |  |
Education, n (%) | 0.0430 | |||
 Bachelor’s degree or above | 378 (72.00) | 237 (77.45) | 103 (68.67) |  |
 Below bachelor’s degree | 147 (28.00) | 69 (22.55) | 47 (31.33) |  |
Partner status, n (%) | 0.0004 | |||
 Married or living with a partner in common-law | 370 (71.71) | 232 (77.33) | 91 (61.49) |  |
 Single | 146 (28.29) | 68 (22.67) | 57 (38.51) |  |
Type of dwelling, n (%) | 0.0016 | |||
 House | 432 (82.92) | 265 (86.60) | 112 (74.67) |  |
 Apartment | 89 (17.08) | 41 (13.40) | 38 (25.33) |  |
Number of COVID-19 related symptoms, mean (SD) | 4.17 (3.24) | 3.60 (2.78) | 5.43 (3.68) | <.0001 |
Number of chronic conditions, mean (SD) | 1.71 (1.80) | 1.75 (1.63) | 2.49 (2.03) | <.0001 |
Coping strategy | ||||
 Problem-focused, mean (SD) | 7.29 (3.87) | 7.35 (3.79) | 7.10 (4.03) | 0.5123 |
 Emotion-focused, mean (SD) | 12.99 (4.91) | 13.51 (5.01) | 11.83 (4.45) | 0.0006 |
 Dysfunctional, mean (SD) | 7.27 (4.66) | 5.59 (3.33) | 10.78 (5.08) | <.0001 |
Clinically significant depressive symptoms, n (%) | 225 (46.11) | 75 (24.51) | 141 (94.00) | <.0001 |