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Table 2 Descriptive analysis HPV-vaccination uptake and predictor variables on individual, postal code and municipality level (n = 299,883)

From: Determinants of HPV-vaccination uptake and subgroups with a lower uptake in the Netherlands

 

2012

2014

2017

Variable

N

HPV-uptake

% (a)

Multi-

level

univariate COR

p-value

N

HPV-uptake

% (a)

Multi-

level univariate COR

p-value

N

HPV-uptake

% (a)

Multi-

level univariate

COR

p-value

Total

102,456

60.0%

  

100,988

62.8%

  

96,439

46.6%

  

Individual level

MMR-vaccination status

2012

  

< 0.001

2014

  

< 0.001

2017

  

< 0.001

 Zero vaccinations

5355

3.7%

reference

ref.

3190

6.6%

ref.

ref.

2548

6.0%

ref.

ref.

 One vaccination

3079

28.4%

9.72

< 0.001

3304

26.2%

4.68

< 0.001

3162

13.3%

2.24

< 0.001

 Two Vaccinations

94,022

64.3%

44.05

< 0.001

94,494

66.0%

25.34

< 0.001

90,729

48.9%

13.95

< 0.001

 DT (aP)-IPV-vaccination status

2012

  

< 0.001

2014

  

< 0.001

2017

  

< 0.001

 Zero vaccinations

5549

6.1%

ref.

ref.

3258

10.3%

ref.

ref.

2656

8.2%

ref.

ref.

 Primary series

2851

28.2%

5.67

< 0.001

3088

25.9%

2.81

< 0.001

3539

20.0%

2.63

< 0.001

 Completed series

94,056

64.2%

25.84

< 0.001

94,642

65.8%

15.50

< 0.001

90,244

48.7%

9.94

< 0.001

 Ethnicity

2012

  

< 0.001

2014

  

< 0.001

2017

  

< 0.001

 NLD - NLD

17,319

63.6%

ref.

ref.

17,761

65.2%

ref.

ref.

70,614

49.4%

ref.

ref.

 NLD - Turkey

352

32.4%

0.30

< 0.001

405

34.6%

0.30

< 0.001

1023

26.0%

0.34

< 0.001

 Turkey - Turkey

1306

27.9%

0.26

< 0.001

1133

30.3%

0.25

< 0.001

1802

20.5%

0.24

< 0.001

 NLD - Morocco

199

36.2%

0.36

< 0.001

224

35.7%

0.34

< 0.001

762

18.8%

0.22

< 0.001

 Morocco - Morocco

1272

18.2%

0.16

< 0.001

1249

23.9%

0.20

< 0.001

2920

16.5%

0.18

< 0.001

 NLD - Surinam

369

52.8%

0.73

0.003

414

54.8%

0.70

0.001

927

41.3%

0.71

< 0.001

 Surinam - Surinam

544

48.5%

0.68

< 0.001

463

57.9%

0.86

0.108

708

45.6%

0.86

0.048

 NLD - Ned Antilles/Aruba

186

51.6%

0.65

0.004

161

57.8%

0.74

0.058

475

35.6%

0.55

< 0.001

 Ned Antilles/Aruba –Ned Antilles/Aruba

214

23.8%

0.20

< 0.001

150

44.7%

0.45

< 0.001

183

35.5%

0.57

< 0.001

 NLD - other WC

748

58.6%

0.84

0.020

858

64.1%

0.95

0.493

2331

51.0%

1.03

0.573

 other WC - other WC

430

43.5%

0.44

< 0.001

468

53.2%

0.62

< 0.001

704

46.9%

0.84

0.025

 NLD - other NWC

490

58.0%

0.84

0.071

581

59.9%

0.82

0.027

1673

50.0%

0.99

0.778

 other NWC - other NWC

1184

47.6%

0.57

< 0.001

1192

59.3%

0.83

0.004

2190

51.1%

1.05

0.252

 other WC - other NWC

92

43.5%

0.50

0.001

104

44.2%

0.45

< 0.001

196

35.7%

0.53

< 0.001

 Unknown

77,751

61.2%

0.85

< 0.001

75,825

63.9%

0.94

0.003

9931

42.9%

0.74

< 0.001

Postal code level

 Socioeconomic status (b)

2012

  

< 0.001

2014

  

< 0.001

2017*

  

< 0.001

 Low

17,723

51.4%

ref.

ref.

19,395

54.9%

ref.

ref.

18,149

36.9%

ref.

ref.

 Low-intermediate

29,714

58.8%

1.27

< 0.001

26,556

62.9%

1.34

< 0.001

25,467

44.6%

1.36

< 0.001

 High-intermediate

38,297

62.7%

1.50

< 0.001

37,747

64.4%

1.57

< 0.001

34,292

48.8%

1.64

< 0.001

 High

15,981

65.3%

1.84

< 0.001

16,732

68.4%

1.93

< 0.001

18,099

54.8%

2.09

< 0.001

Road distance

2012*

  

0.129

2014

  

0.031

2017

  

0.340

 0 km

12,694

60.3%

ref.

ref.

13,661

62.3%

ref.

ref.

13,104

45.8%

ref.

ref.

 0–5 km

44,246

59.3%

1.03

0.279

41,395

62.0%

1.04

0.105

38,045

46.9%

1.02

0.547

 5–10 km

28,986

60.6%

1.06

0.026

28,560

63.9%

1.07

0.003

29,079

46.7%

1.04

0.081

  > 10 km

16,495

60.8%

1.05

0.115

17,343

63.3%

1.05

0.072

16,185

46.2%

1.02

0.333

Municipality level

 Urbanization level (c)

2012*

  

0.020

2014*

  

0.134

2017

  

0.058

 Very high

23,398

53.3%

ref.

ref.

19,446

57.9%

ref.

ref.

19,280

45.3%

ref.

ref.

 High

31,870

60.3%

1.14

0.272

30,512

62.9%

1.03

0.793

29,502

46.1%

0.95

0.642

 Moderately high

17,260

62.7%

1.28

0.038

18,314

64.0%

1.16

0.232

17,512

47.9%

1.03

0.819

 Low

21,315

63.8%

1.36

0.007

23,200

65.5%

1.22

0.099

21,526

48.3%

1.07

0.572

 Very low

8604

63.1%

1.25

0.062

9513

64.1%

1.11

0.390

8618

44.3%

0.87

0.266

 Voting % political parties (d)

2012

   

2014*

   

2017

   

 Lower or higher than national mean

People’s Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD)

 Lower

64,595

57.3%

ref.

ref.

60,833

60.5%

ref.

ref.

58,855

43.6%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

37,852

64.8%

1.30

< 0.001

40,152

66.3%

1.27

< 0.001

37,583

51.3%

1.47

< 0.001

Labor Party (PvdA), Denk (DENK)

 Lower

36,543

60.9%

reference

ref.

39,038

62.7%

ref.

ref.

34,880

46.7%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

65,904

59.6%

1.09

0.096

61,947

62.9%

1.10

0.076

61,558

46.5%

1.00

0.931

Party for Freedom (PPV), Forum for Democracy (FvD)

 Lower

57,814

59.7%

reference

ref.

56,784

62.3%

ref.

ref.

52,307

48.1%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

44,633

60.5%

1.14

0.007

44,201

63.5%

1.10

0.077

44,131

44.8%

0.88

0.006

Socialist Party (SP)

 Lower

52,335

57.6%

reference

ref.

53,199

59.8%

ref.

ref.

4665

44.3%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

50,112

62.6%

1.40

< 0.001

47,786

66.2%

1.45

< 0.001

41,773

49.5%

1.29

< 0.001

Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA)

 Lower

77,344

59.9%

ref.

ref.

73,747

63.0%

ref.

ref.

71,075

46.8%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

25,103

60.6%

0.94

0.201

27,238

62.4%

0.97

0.487

25,363

45.9%

0.94

0.221

Democrats 66 (D66)

 Lower

43,514

59.9%

ref.

ref.

45,849

61.2%

ref.

ref.

38,093

42.7%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

58,933

60.1%

1.25

< 0.001

55,136

64.2%

1.30

< 0.001

58,345

49.1%

1.46

< 0.001

Christian Union (CU), Reformed Political Party (SGP)

 Lower

78,482

61.8%

ref.

ref.

75,461

64.9%

ref.

ref.

71,521

48.5%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

23,965

54.3%

0.59

< 0.001

25,524

56.7%

0.60

< 0.001

24,917

41.1%

0.62

< 0.001

Green Left (GL)

 Lower

44,692

62.0%

ref.

ref.

47,846

63.2%

ref.

ref.

38,670

45.0%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

57,755

58.6%

1.07

0.196

53,139

62.5%

1.11

0.046

57,768

47.6%

1.21

< 0.001

Party for the Animals (PvdD)

 Lower

37,964

61.9%

ref.

ref.

40,832

63.7%

ref.

ref.

38,633

46.7%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

64,483

59.0%

1.03

0.561

60,153

62.2%

1.02

0.737

57,805

46.5%

1.03

0.588

50PLUS (50+)

 Lower

57,554

58.1%

reference

ref.

55,729

61.0%

ref.

ref.

55,484

46.5%

ref.

ref.

 Higher

44,893

62.6%

1.31

< 0.001

45,256

65.0%

1.25

< 0.001

40,954

46.7%

1.10

0.052

  1. Abbreviations: COR crude odds ratio, MMR mumps-measles-rubella, DT (aP)-IPV diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-polio, NL the Netherlands, Ned Antilles/Aruba the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba, WC western countries, NWC non-western countries. km kilometer, VVD People’s Party for Freedom and Democracy, PvdA Labor Party, PVV Party for Freedom, FvD Forum for Democracy, SP Socialist Party, CDA Christian Democratic Appeal, D66 Democrats 66, CU Christian Union, SGP Reformed Political Party, GL Green Left, PvdD The Party for the Animals, 50 + =50PLUS. For explanatory notes on the political parties we refer to Supplementary material 1
  2. (a) HPV-uptake % = % of total of girls (N) with a completed HPV-vaccination series. Girls invited in 2012 were offered a three-dose series, girls invited in 2014 and 2017 a 2-dose series.
  3. (b) Socioeconomic status classification; low (≤ − 1.0000), low-intermediate (− 0.9999 to 0.0000), high-intermediate (0.0001–0.9999), high (≥1.0000).
  4. (c) Urbanization classification; Very high: > 2500 addresses per km2, high: 1500–2500 addresses per km2, moderately high: 1000–1500 addresses per km2, low: 500–1000 addresses per km2, very low < 500 addresses per km2.
  5. (d) Voting % classification: higher or lower compared to the national mean.
  6. * For this variable/ invitation year, data from the most recent year available was used (See Table 1 for variable details)