Fig. 3From: Trends, causes and solutions of maternal mortality in Jinan, China: the epidemiology of the MMR in 1991–2020Trends of the MMR due to direct and indirect obstetric causes in Jinan from 1991 to 2020. Trends were analyzed by Cochran-Armitage trend (CAT) and showed significant reduction in both groups (direct obstetric causes P < 0.0001, indirect obstetric causes P < 0.0001)Back to article page