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Table 3 Sub-group analyses: Associations between MMC and STI outcomes among men in the HIPSS study

From: Association of medical male circumcision and sexually transmitted infections in a population-based study using targeted maximum likelihood estimation

HIV

PR

95% CI

HSV-2

PR (95% CI)

Subgroup 1: Coinfected with at least one other STI

 unadjusted

0.624 (0.513, 0.760)

0.513

0.760

unadjusted

0.754 (0.657, 0.865)

 TMLE

0.713 (0.630, 0.807)

0.630

0.807

TMLE

0.916 (0.849, 0.987)

 PSFM

0.763 (0.609, 0.956)

0.609

0.956

PSFM

0.896 (0.737, 1.090)

 IPTW

0.770 (0.629, 0.943)

0.629

0.943

IPTW

0.902 (0.808, 1.008)

Subgroup 2: Not Coinfected with any other STI

 unadjusted

0.256 (0.109, 0.599)

0.109

0.599

unadjusted

0.707 (0.574, 0.869)

 TMLE

0.419 (0.248, 0.709)

0.248

0.709

TMLE

1.042 (0.918, 1.183)

 PSFM

0.272 (0.097, 0.763)

0.097

0.763

PSFM

0.879 (0.678, 1.141)

 IPTW

0.309 (0.143, 0.666)

0.143

0.666

IPTW

0.887 (0.705, 1.115)

  1. Abbreviations: PR Prevalence ratio, TMLE Targeted maximum likelihood estimation, IPTW Inverse probability of treatment weighting, PSFM Propensity score full matching
  2. 11 men were missing for HSV-2. Bolded PRs were not significant at the 5% level