Table 2 Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for daily pain in relation to self-efficacy, short sleep duration, and symptoms of depression (n = 12,867)
| Â | Head OR (95% CI) | Shoulders/neck OR (95% CI) | Joints/muscles OR (95% CI) | Stomach OR (95% CI) | Total daily pain OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory variables | High self-efficacy | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) |
Short sleep duration | 1.2 (1.0–1.6) | 1.3 (1.3–2.0)* | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.7 (1.2–2.4)** | 1.4 (1.2–1.6)*** | |
Symptoms of depression | 3.7 (3.0–4.6)*** | 3.9 (3.1–4.8)*** | 4.3 (3.3–5.6)*** | 5.5 (4.1–7.4)*** | 3.9 (3.3–4.6)*** | |
Control variables | Age | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) |
Gender: girls | 2.9 (2.3–3.7)*** | 2.0 (1.6–2.4)*** | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 1.5 (1.1–2.0)* | 2.0 (1.7–2.4)*** | |
Low maternal education | 0.7 (0.6–0.9)* | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | |
Low paternal education | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | |
High medication use | 6.5 (5.4–8.0)*** | 2.8 (2.3–3.4)*** | 3.0 (2.3–3.8)*** | 3.2 (2.4–4.2)*** | 4.3 (3.7–5.0)*** | |