Table 2 Characteristics of the study population
Mothers (n = 1428) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | N | mean value / absolute number | [Minimum; Maximum] or % |
Socioeconomic factors | |||
Age (years) | 1414 | 34.45 | 19;49 |
Single mother | 1404 | ||
yes | 25 | 1.8% | |
no | 1379 | 98.2% | |
Health insurance | 1402 | ||
statutory | 1170 | 83.5% | |
private | 228 | 16.3% | |
other | 4 | 0.3% | |
Educational status | 1400 | ||
None | 2 | 0.1% | |
Low1 | 103 | 7.4% | |
Medium2 | 449 | 32.1% | |
High3 | 841 | 60.1% | |
Other | 5 | 0.4% | |
Employment before maternity leave | 1402 | ||
Yes | 1265 | 90.2% | |
No | 137 | 9.8% | |
Occupational group | 1259 | ||
Employee | 1001 | 79.5% | |
Worker | 19 | 1.5% | |
In training | 9 | 0.7% | |
Self-employed | 42 | 3.3% | |
Civil servant | 165 | 13.1% | |
Graduate in liberal profession | 15 | 1.2% | |
Other | 8 | 0.7% | |
Migration background | 1428 | ||
None | 1272 | 90.4% | |
Yes | 135 | 9.6% | |
Psychosocial factors | |||
Subjective position within society (Mac Arthur Scale) | 1390 | 6.70 | 1.00;10.00 |
F-Sozu Score | 1399 | 4.45 | 1.21;5.00 |
Social and emotional strain | 1382 | ||
Yes | 369 | 26.7% | |
No | 1013 | 73.3% | |
PSI | |||
Personal limitations | 1420 | ||
10.02 | 4;20 | ||
Parental competence | 1420 | ||
7.48 | 4;20 | ||
Parent-child bond | 1413 | ||
8.41 | 4;20 | ||
Domestic environment | |||
Size of current residence per person living in the household (in m2) | 1382 | 37.86 | 7.50;166.67 |
Humidity stains on the walls | 1381 | ||
Mold | 186 | 13.5% | |
No | 1195 | 86.5% | |
Smoking inside the house | 1408 | ||
Yes | 7 | 0.5% | |
No | 1401 | 99.5% | |
Lifestyle factors | |||
Drinking alcohol 1 year before pregnancy | 1410 | ||
Yes | 933 | 66.2% | |
No | 477 | 33.8% | |
Drinking alcohol during pregnancy | 1418 | ||
Yes | 22 | 1.6% | |
No | 1396 | 98.4% | |
Drinking alcohol since delivery | 1414 | ||
Yes | 214 | 15.1% | |
No | 1200 | 84.9% | |
Smoker lifetime (> 100 cigarettes) | 1407 | ||
Yes | 601 | 42.7% | |
No | 806 | 57.3% | |
Smoking during pregnancy | 1384 | ||
Yes | 30 | 2.2% | |
No | 1354 | 97.8% | |
Smoking since delivery | 533 | ||
Yes | 38 | 7.13% | |
No | 495 | 92.8% | |
BMI before pregnancy | 1412 | ||
underweight | 31 | 2.2% | |
normal | 857 | 60.7% | |
overweight | 351 | 24.9% | |
obese | 173 | 12.3% | |
Diet | 1401 | ||
Healthy | 663 | 47.3% | |
Rather unhealthy | 738 | 52.7% | |
Physical activity | 1414 | ||
None or rather seldom | 636 | 45.0% | |
Regularly | 778 | 55.0% | |
Health care utilization | |||
Doctors’ consultations during pregnancy | 1422 | ||
4,66 | 0.86 | ||
History of psychiatric diseases | 1245 | ||
Yes | 141 | 11.3% | |
No | 1104 | 88.7% | |
History of somatic diseases | 1400 | ||
Yes | 543 | 38.8% | |
No | 857 | 61.2% | |
Child and birth related factors | |||
Birth mode | 1428 | ||
C-section | 396 | 27.7% | |
Other | 1032 | 72.3% | |
First child | 1419 | ||
Yes | 821 | 57.9% | |
No | 598 | 42.1% | |
Preterm delivery | 1420 | ||
Yes | 85 | 6.0% | |
No | 1335 | 94% | |
Season of birth | 1428 | ||
Winter | 696 | 48.7% | |
Summer | 732 | 51.3% | |
VAS child | 1400 | 93.45 | 5;100 |
Breastfeeding | 1414 | ||
Yes | 1156 | 81.8% | |
No | 258 | 18.2% | |
Outcomes | N | mean value | [Minimum; Maximum] |
Self-rated health mothers: | 1355 | ||
86.17 (SD:11.90) | 8;100 | ||
SF-12-Score4: | 1345 | ||
Mental component score (MCS) | 47.28 (SD:10.64) | 7.87;65.84 | |
Physical component score (PCS) | 47.63 (SD:8.22) | 19.02;68.53 | |