Table 3 CFIR construct rating assignment criteria^a

−2

• The construct (or its absence) is a negative influence in the school generally, an impeding influence on work processes, and/or an impeding influence on implementation efforts.

• Two or more interviewees described explicit examples of how aspects of the construct manifested negatively.

−1

• The construct (or its absence) is a negative influence in the school generally, an impeding influence on work processes, and/or an impeding influence on implementation efforts.

• Interviewees made general statements of how the construct manifested negatively without concrete examples; and/or

• There is a mixed effect of different aspects of the construct with an overall negative effect; and/or

• Sufficient information exists to indirectly infer a generally negative influence.

0

The construct has a neutral effect in the school, on work processes, and/or on implementation efforts if:

• Interviewees provided purely descriptive or generic data without evidence of positive or negative influence; and/or

• Interviewees contradicted one another; and/or

• Positive and negative influences at different levels in the school balance each other out. We defined this last category as 0 (mixed).

+ 1

• The construct is a positive influence in the school generally, a facilitating influence on work processes, and/or a facilitating influence on implementation efforts.

• Interviewees made general statements of how the construct manifested positively without concrete examples; and/or

• There is a mixed effect of different aspects of the construct with an overall positive effect; and/or

• Sufficient information exists to indirectly infer a generally positive influence.

+ 2

• The construct is a positive influence in the school generally, a facilitating influence on work processes, and/or a facilitating influence on implementation efforts.

• Two or more interviewees described explicit examples of how aspects of the construct manifested positively.

Missing

• Interviewees were not asked about, or did not address, the construct in sufficient detail to discern a pattern.