Table 1 General characteristics of the study participants according to quartiles of DPI
Variables | Total n = 2326 | Q1 n = 581 | Q2 n = 582 | Q3 n = 582 | Q4 n = 581 | P* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DPI (range) |  | < 16.7 | 16.7–21.6 | 21.7–27.7 | > 27.7 |  |
BMI(kg/m2) | 27.11 ± 4.99 | 26.88 ± 4.84 | 26.87 ± 4.96 | 27.25 ± 5.05 | 27.43 ± 5.08 | 0.14 |
WC(cm) | 93.19 ± 13.11 | 93 ± 13.19 | 92.5 ± 13.1 | 93.1 ± 13.3 | 94.1 ± 12.7 | 0.20 |
Age; n (%) | 0.04 | |||||
 20–29 | 452(19.6) | 128(22.1) | 112(19.3) | 99(17.2) | 113(19.6) | |
 30–39 | 494(21.4) | 139(24) | 119(20.5) | 118(20.5) | 118(20.5) | |
 40–49 | 567(24.5) | 121(20.9) | 149(25.7) | 169(29.3) | 128(22.2) | |
 50–59 | 457(19.8) | 106(18.3) | 123(21.2) | 103(17.9) | 125(21.7) | |
 60–69 | 342(14.8) | 85(14.7) | 77(13.3) | 87(15.1) | 93(16.1) | |
Sex; n (%) | 0.93 | |||||
 Male | 1097(47.3) | 270(46.7) | 273(47) | 281(48.4) | 273(47.2) | |
 Female | 1220(52.7) | 308(53.3) | 308(53) | 299(51.6) | 305(52.8) | |
Marital status; n (%) | 0.62 | |||||
 Married | 2004(86.6) | 510(88.1) | 494(85.6) | 508(87.6) | 492(85) | |
 Single | 227(9.8) | 48(8.3) | 63(10.9) | 54(9.3) | 62(10.7) | |
 Divorced or widowed | 84(3.6) | 21(3.6 | 20(3.5) | 18(3.1) | 25(4.3) | |
Physical activity; n (%) | 0.62 | |||||
 Sedentary | 688(30.9) | 170(30.4) | 170(30.4 | 181(32.1 | 167(30.6) | |
 Moderate | 809(36.3) | 211(37.7) | 189(33.8) | 210(37.3) | 199(36.4) | |
 Active | 730(32.8) | 178(31.8) | 200(35.8) | 172(30.6) | 180(33) | |
Education; n (%) | 0.62 | |||||
 Lower than diploma | 1234(53.5) | 301(52.5) | 304(52.7) | 324(56.2) | 305(52.8) | |
 High school diploma | 700(30.4) | 182(31.7) | 180(31.2) | 164(28.5) | 174(30.2) | |
Smoking; n (%) | 0.75 | |||||
 Never and former | 2074(91.6) | 531(93) | 519(91.7) | 512(90.1) | 512(91.7) | |
 Current | 189(8.4) | 40(7) | 47(8.3) | 56(9.9) | 46(8.2) | |
Job status; n (%) | 0.86 | |||||
 Not employed | 1373(59.7) | 347(60) | 338(59) | 339(58.9) | 349(61) | |
 Employed | 926(40.3) | 231(40) | 235(41) | 237(41.1) | 223(39) | |
Chronic diseases family history; n (%) | 0.49 | |||||
 No | 504(41.2) | 141(44.8) | 124(39.4) | 124(41.1) | 115(39.7) | |
 Yes | 718(58.8) | 174(55.2) | 191(60.6) | 178(58.9) | 175(60.3) | |
 Metabolic syndrome; n (%) | 1005(45.2) | 227(41) | 255(45.5) | 253(45.3) | 270(49.2) | 0.05 |
 Abdominal obesity; n (%) | 1025(44.5) | 237(41.1) | 257(44.4) | 249(43.2) | 282(49.2) | 0.04 |
 Elevated blood pressure; n (%) | 559(26.8) | 126(22.6) | 154(27.4) | 157(27.9) | 162(29.2) | 0.06 |
 Hypertriglyceridemia; n(%) | 1423(61.2) | 368(63.3) | 343(58.9) | 349(60) | 363(62.5) | 0.36 |
 Low serum HDL-C; n (%) | 813(35.1) | 209(36.2) | 207(35.6) | 207(35.7) | 190(32.9) | 0.63 |
 High serum FBS; n (%) | 718(30.9) | 175(30.1) | 178(30.6) | 185(31.8) | 180(31) | 0.93 |