Overall | Urban | Rural | p-value | ||||
Sample Size | N | % | N | % | N | % | |
CHARLS Survey of Urban NCMS Sample | 12,190 | 100 | 3042 | 24.9 | 9148 | 75.1 | |
Dependent Variables | |||||||
Inpatient Visit in 2015 (0,1) | 12,178 | 100 | 3040 | 25.0 | 9138 | 75.0 | |
Number of Individuals with at Least One Inpatient Visit in Last Year | 1612 | 13.3 | 407 | 13.4 | 1210 | 13.2 | 0.84 |
Number of Individuals without Inpatient Visit in Last Year | 10,561 | 86.7 | 2633 | 86.6 | 7928 | 86.8 | |
Outpatient Visit in 2015 (0,1) | 12,042 | 100 | 2988 | 24.8 | 9054 | 75.2 | |
Number of Individuals with at Least One Outpatient Visit in Last Month | 2263 | 18.8 | 544 | 18.2 | 1719 | 19.0 | 0.34 |
Number of Individuals without Inpatient Visit in Last Year | 9779 | 81.2 | 2444 | 81.8 | 7335 | 81.0 | |
Demographic Characteristics | Overall | Urban | Rural | p-value | |||
Dependent Variables | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
Number of Inpatient Visits in Last Year for those with at least one inpatient visit | 1.45 | 0.99 | 1.39 | 0.92 | 1.47 | 1.02 | 0.17 |
Number of Outpatient Visits in Last Month for those with at least one outpatient visit | 2.23 | 2.40 | 2.16 | 2.27 | 2.25 | 2.44 | 0.42 |
Independent Variables | N | % | N | % | N | % | p-value |
Age | |||||||
< 45 | 713 | 5.85 | 186 | 6.13 | 527 | 5.76 | < 0.01 |
45–54 | 3752 | 30.8 | 989 | 32.58 | 2763 | 30.22 | |
55–64 | 3843 | 31.55 | 983 | 32.38 | 2860 | 31.28 | |
65+ | 3872 | 31.79 | 878 | 28.92 | 2994 | 32.74 | |
Sex | |||||||
Male | 5655 | 46.39 | 1348 | 44.31 | 4307 | 47.08 | < 0.01 |
Female | 6535 | 53.61 | 1694 | 55.69 | 4841 | 52.92 | |
Education | |||||||
No formal education | 3599 | 29.57 | 706 | 23.25 | 2893 | 31.68 | < 0.01 |
< =Elementary school | 5850 | 48.07 | 1583 | 52.12 | 4267 | 46.72 | |
> =Middle school | 2721 | 22.36 | 748 | 24.63 | 1973 | 21.6 | |
Marital status | |||||||
Living with spouse | 9785 | 80.27 | 2487 | 81.76 | 7298 | 79.78 | < 0.05 |
Living without spouse | 2405 | 19.73 | 555 | 18.24 | 1850 | 20.22 | |
Work status | |||||||
No employment | 3018 | 25.05 | 922 | 30.85 | 2096 | 23.13 | < 0.01 |
Agricultural work | 6088 | 50.52 | 1066 | 35.66 | 5022 | 55.42 | |
Non-agricultural work | 2944 | 24.43 | 1001 | 33.49 | 1943 | 21.44 | |
Self-reported health status | |||||||
Good | 1866 | 16.16 | 491 | 17.2 | 1375 | 15.82 | < 0.01 |
Fair | 6111 | 52.93 | 1605 | 56.24 | 4506 | 51.84 | |
Poor | 3569 | 30.91 | 758 | 26.56 | 2811 | 32.34 | |
Chronic disease status | |||||||
No chronic disease | 3010 | 30.18 | 772 | 30.93 | 2238 | 29.92 | < 0.01 |
Diabetes | 1428 | 14.32 | 347 | 13.9 | 1081 | 14.45 | |
Hypertension | 1686 | 16.9 | 456 | 18.27 | 1230 | 16.45 | |
Diabetes & Hypertension | 589 | 5.9 | 178 | 7.13 | 411 | 5.5 | |
Other | 3262 | 32.7 | 743 | 29.77 | 2519 | 33.68 | |
BMI | |||||||
Underweight (< 18.5) | 636 | 5.25 | 127 | 4.21 | 509 | 5.6 | < 0.01 |
Healthy (18.5–25) | 5857 | 48.39 | 1306 | 43.32 | 4551 | 50.07 | |
Overweight (25–30) | 2815 | 23.26 | 790 | 26.2 | 2025 | 22.28 | |
Obese (> 30) | 2796 | 23.1 | 792 | 26.27 | 2004 | 22.05 | |
Per Capita Annual Expenditure (PCE) | |||||||
Bottom (<6420rmb) | 3212 | 39.42 | 688 | 34.71 | 2524 | 40.93 | < 0.01 |
Middle (6420-13187rmb) | 2707 | 33.22 | 723 | 36.48 | 1984 | 32.17 | |
Top (>13187rmb) | 2230 | 27.37 | 571 | 28.81 | 1659 | 26.9 |