PWID | Non-PWID | Total | p-value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | (%) | n | (%) | N | (%) | ||
Responses to open-ended “How do you think you got HCV?”a | n = 41 | n = 73 | N = 114 | ||||
Injection drug use | 40 | (97.6) | 0 | (0.0) | 40 | (35.1) | < 0.001 |
Sexual transmission | 4 | (9.8) | 15 | (20.5) | 19 | (16.7) | 0.217 |
Transfusion/dialysis | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | – |
Nonprofessional tattoo/piercing | 2 | (4.9) | 8 | (11.0) | 10 | (8.8) | 0.459 |
Needlestick/other occupational exposure | 0 | (0.0) | 7 | (9.6) | 7 | (6.1) | 0.079 |
Maternal transmission | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (2.7) | 2 | (1.8) | 0.816 |
Other household contact | 1 | (2.4) | 5 | (6.8) | 6 | (5.3) | 0.590 |
Other | 1 | (2.4) | 1 | (1.4) | 2 | (1.8) | > 0.999 |
Don’t know | 0 | (0) | 44 | (60.3) | 44 | (38.6) | < 0.001 |
Risk History | |||||||
Prior to diagnosis, thought they were at risk for HCV | 31 | (75.6) | 6 | (8.2) | 37 | (32.5) | < 0.001 |
Non-professional tattoo or piercing | 18 | (43.9) | 15 | (20.5) | 33 | (28.9) | 0.008 |
Ever exchanged sex for drugs, money, or housing | 4 | (9.8) | 0 | (0.0) | 4 | (3.5) | 0.030 |
Ever been incarcerated > 24 h | 28 | (68.3) | 3 | (4.1) | 31 | (27.2) | < 0.001 |
Received tattoo or piercing while incarcerated | 8 / 28 | (28.6) | 1 / 3 | (33.3) | 9 / 31 | (29.0) | > 0.999 |
Injected drugs while incarcerated | 12 / 28 | (42.9) | – | – | 12 / 31 | (38.7) | – |
Shared injection equipment while incarcerated | 12 / 12 | (100.0) | – | – | 12 / 12 | (100.0) | – |
Ever used any drug to get high | 41 | – | 20 | (27.4) | 61 | (53.5) | < 0.001 |
Among Those Who Ever Used Any Drug to Get High | n = 41 | n = 20 | n = 61 | ||||
Used drugs in the past year | 32 | (78.0) | 12 | (60.0) | 44 | (72.1) | 0.140 |
Snorted drugs in the past year | 25 | (61.0) | 5 | (25.0) | 30 | (49.2) | 0.008 |
Shared snorting device in past year | 21 / 25 | (84.0) | 3 / 5 | (60.0) | 24/30 | (80.0) | 0.509 |
Smoked drugs (besides tobacco/marijuana) in past year | 26 | (63.4) | 6 | (30.0) | 31 | (52.5) | 0.014 |
Shared smoking device in past year | 24 / 26 | (92.3) | 3 / 6 | (50.0) | 27/31 | (84.4) | 0.068 |
Injected drugs in the past year | 34 | (82.9) | – | – | – | – | – |
Shared injection equipment in the past year | 28 | (68.3) | – | – | – | – | – |
Knowledge of accessible needle exchange | 15 | (36.6) | – | – | – | – | – |
Ever used a needle exchange to get injection supplies | 15 | (36.6) | – | – | – | – | – |
In county of residence? | 13 / 15 | (86.7) | – | – | – | – | – |
Ever had access to naloxone while injecting | 26 | (63.4) | – | – | – | – | – |
Ever needed naloxone but did not have access | 18 | (43.9) | – | – | – | – | – |
Ever witnessed an overdose | 34 | (82.9) | – | – | – | – | – |
Been prescribed methadone or buprenorphine for >21d | 20 | (48.8) | – | – | – | – | – |