Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the sample by sex and repeated measures by ANOVA

Variables

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

F

p

F

p

F

p

height (cm)

151.03

7.11

157.67

8.00

164.30

8.90

153.11

6.31

157.92

5.94

160.55

5.52

0.26

0.608

805.76

0.000

70.24

0.000

sitting height (cm)

77.36

3.74

80.15

4.63

83.49

5.19

79.14

3.80

82.03

3.04

83.59

2.68

3.56

0.061

294.85

0.000

10.92

0.000

leg length (cm)

73.66

4.48

77.52

4.42

80.81

4.74

73.98

3.84

75.89

3.77

76.96

3.83

6.71

0.011

396.24

0.000

70.01

0.000

weight (kg)

44.13

8.07

49.34

8.62

55.06

9.50

44.30

6.98

48.87

6.66

53.36

6.76

0.48

0.491

578.92

0.000

7.20

0.001

Cormic index

51.24

1.40

50.83

1.33

50.81

1.33

51.69

1.41

51.96

1.10

52.08

1.17

24.57

0.000

0.24

0.786

10.01

0.000

BMI (kg/m²)

19.53

2.89

19.75

2.61

20.29

2.52

18.85

2.44

19.59

2.46

20.75

2.65

0.18

0.670

58.13

0.000

9.15

0.000

waist circumference (cm)

67.10

6.62

69.53

6.50

71.62

7.13

64.31

5.64

66.05

5.28

67.88

5.93

12.48

0.001

56.55

0.000

1.04

0.353

hip circumference (cm)

81.40

7.20

84.19

6.70

86.99

6.91

84.19

6.40

88.10

6.31

91.88

5.48

11.58

0.001

153.30

0.000

3.04

0.049

WHR

0.71

0.10

0.65

0.05

0.65

0.05

0.72

0.05

0.70

0.04

0.70

0.04

23.75

0.000

25.72

0.000

7.58

0.001

WhtR

0.44

0.04

0.44

0.04

0.44

0.04

0.42

0.04

0.42

0.04

0.42

0.04

11.02

0.001

0.70

0.497

2.49

0.085

biceps skinfold (mm)

8.02

3.80

7.05

3.76

6.37

3.34

7.73

2.88

7.79

2.84

8.39

3.21

2.15

0.145

2.79

0.063

11.62

0.000

triceps skinfold (mm)

12.73

3.50

11.90

3.69

10.86

3.52

12.13

3.36

12.16

2.79

14.16

3.68

3.41

0.067

1.64

0.195

22.33

0.000

subscapular skinfold (mm)

9.58

4.04

8.71

3.78

8.61

3.77

9.29

3.63

9.59

3.32

11.02

3.88

2.23

0.138

3.64

0.027

11.55

0.000

supraspinal skinfold (mm)

10.41

5.58

9.32

5.18

9.77

5.63

10.32

3.80

10.41

3.58

12.82

5.15

2.65

0.106

6.76

0.001

5.99

0.003

suprailiac skinfold (mm)

11.88

5.20

11.37

5.87

11.60

5.89

12.22

4.67

13.36

4.38

15.74

5.23

6.50

0.012

9.84

0.000

9.03

0.000

medial calf skinfold (mm)

11.70

4.15

11.83

4.19

10.69

4.20

11.96

3.55

12.30

3.45

13.78

3.63

4.49

0.036

0.85

0.431

9.94

0.000

lateral calf skinfold (mm)

12.33

3.45

12.50

3.89

12.05

3.70

12.26

3.17

12.49

3.29

15.14

4.30

3.38

0.068

9.56

0.000

12.96

0.000

thigh skinfold (mm)

16.63

4.61

15.54

4.68

14.59

4.93

17.66

4.50

17.76

4.63

20.58

5.39

16.70

0.000

2.55

0.080

15.65

0.000

sum of skinfold (mm)

93.25

29.36

88.53

31.38

83.93

30.12

93.57

23.71

95.86

23.38

111.63

28.56

5.84

0.017

5.46

0.005

22.52

0.000

%F

20.93

5.77

19.48

5.79

17.21

5.71

19.55

4.39

19.89

4.04

22.19

4.04

2.42

0.122

1.59

0.206

41.53

0.000

FM (kg)

9.49

3.81

9.88

4.17

9.74

4.26

8.83

2.91

9.95

3.06

11.99

3.26

0.52

0.472

38.35

0.000

24.81

0.000

FFM (kg)

34.64

5.38

39.38

5.90

45.32

7.03

35.48

4.97

39.18

4.59

41.38

4.49

1.87

0.174

440.94

0.000

41.47

0.000

club sport amount (h/week)

3.74

1.52

4.53

2.23

4.85

1.98

3.53

2.45

4.22

2.72

4.06

2.53

1.76

0.187

11.75

0.000

0.56

0.571