From: Prevalence of hookah smoking and associated factors among male high school students in Iraq
Reference Category was the (first). | P value | Odds Ratio | 95% C.I. for odds ratio | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
First heard/know about Hookah? | ||||
 Brother, Sister and cousin | .084 | 2.310 | .894 | 5.964 |
 Friends | .035* | 2.635 | 1.069 | 6.496 |
 Media & Newspaper | .558 | 1.348 | .496 | 3.664 |
 Saw a Hookah Café shop | .201 | 1.835 | .724 | 4.651 |
 Web Networks | .101 | 2.711 | .823 | 8.931 |
People surrounding/near students that smoke hookah. | ||||
 Brother & Sister | .183 | 1.513 | .823 | 2.782 |
 Close relatives | .173 | 1.345 | .878 | 2.059 |
 Friends | .017* | 1.770 | 1.110 | 2.824 |
 None | .027* | .374 | .157 | .895 |
There is a cafe for WP smoking around your residence | .005* | 2.817 | 1.362 | 5.827 |
Which of the following types of smoking are more harmful to health? | ||||
 Cigarette | .620 | .837 | .415 | 1.690 |
 e –cigarette | .991 | 1.004 | .486 | 2.075 |
 Hookah | .316 | 1.437 | .707 | 2.920 |
Is hookah smoking acceptable socially more than Cigarette smoking?? | .000* | 1.996 | 1.389 | 2.868 |
Hookah smoking is less harmful and less addictive than cigarette smoking? | .000* | 3.703 | 2.656 | 5.162 |
Student’s opinion for Hookah smoking in Islam. | ||||
 Discouraged | .002* | .512 | .335 | .782 |
 Allowed | .000* | .314 | .165 | .598 |
 Don’t Know | .007* | .513 | .315 | .836 |
Agree on regulations to forbid café places. | .000* | .391 | .257 | .594 |