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Table 6 Association between variables and good knowledge and practice

From: Gastrointestinal symptoms and knowledge and practice of pilgrims regarding food and water safety during the 2019 Hajj mass gathering

Variable

N

Good Knowledge

Good Practice

OR [95%]

aOR [95%]

OR [95%]

aOR [95%]

Gender

 Female

845

1

1

1

1

 Male

487

0.64 (0.49–0.83)a

0.63 (0.48–0.83)a

0.61 (0.48–0.77)a

0.59 (0.46–0.75)a

Age (years)

  ≤ 25

34

1

1

 26–45

440

1.92 (0.93–3.97)

1.95 (0.96–3.92)

 46–65

709

1.74 (0.85–3.54)

2.06 (1.03–4.12)a

  < 65

130

1.09 (0.50–2.38)

1.48 (0.69–3.17)

Nationality

 African

432

1

1

1

1

 Asian

622

0.62 (0.47–0.82)a

0.60 (0.45–0.79)a

0.94 (0.73–1.21)

0.97 (0.75–1.26)

 Middle east

232

1.48 (0.98–2.22)

1.42 (0.94–2.15)

1.02 (0.73–1.43)

1.03 (0.73–1.46)

 Othersb

39

1.41 (0.60–3.29)

1.28 (0.54–3.01)

5.19 (1.81–14.8)a

10.9 (2.58–46.5)a

GI symptoms

 No

1230

1

1

1

1

 Yes

133

0.58 (0.40–0.85)a

0.55 (0.37–0.81)a

0.64 (0.45–0.92)a

0.65 (0.44–0.95)a

  1. OR odds ratio, aOR adjusted odds ratio, GI gastrointestinal
  2. astatistically significant
  3. bEurope, USA, Australia and New Zealand