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Table 4 Direct, indirect and total effects of shift work on mental health and physical functioning, with unhealthy behavior as potential mediator (n = 1633)

From: The mediating role of unhealthy behavior in the relationship between shift work and perceived health

 

Shift work – mental health

Shift work – physical functioning

 

B (95% CI)

B (95% CI)

Overweight

 Total Effecta

−0.12 (− 1.59–1.30)

−0.86 (− 2.31–0.53)

 Direct Effectb (c’)

−0.15 (− 1.65–1.29)

−0.78 (− 2.22–0.76)

 Indirect Effectc (a*b)

0.03 (− 0.02–0.10)

− 0.08 (− 0.19–0.00)

Smoking

 Total Effecta

−0.11 (− 1.57–1.31)

−0.87 (− 2.25–0.50)

 Direct Effectb (c’)

−0.02 (− 1.50–1.45)

−0.78 (− 2.27–0.70)

 Indirect Effectc (a*b)

−0.09 (− 0.20 – − 0.01)

−0.09 (− 0.21 – − 0.01)

Physical inactivity

 Total Effecta

− 0.11 (−1.56–1.31)

−0.89 (− 2.30–0.49)

 Direct Effectb (c’)

−0.22 (− 1.70–1.26)

− 0.97 (− 2.46–0.52)

 Indirect Effectc (a*b)

0.11 (0.03–0.23)

0.08 (0.01–0.18)

Overweight, smoking and physical inactivity

 Total Effecta

−0.12 (− 1.59–1.30)

−0.88 (− 2.29–0.53)

 Direct Effectb (c’)

−0.17 (− 1.64–1.30)

−0.75 (− 2.25–0.74)

 Indirect Effectc (a*b)

0.05 (− 0.10–0.22)

− 0.13 (− 0.26–0.04)

  1. a Total effect of shift work on health, taking mediating effect into account
  2. b Direct effect of shift work on health, adjusted for the mediator, age, sex and level of education
  3. c Indirect effect of shift work on health through the mediator