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Table 2 Partner and partnership characteristics by CCU with both types of anal sex

From: Individual and partnership characteristics associated with consistent condom use in a cohort of cisgender men who have sex with men and transgender women in Nigeria

Partner and relationship characteristics

Total (N = 6432)

CCU with both types of anal sex

(N = 2853) (44.3%)

Non-CCU with both types of anal sex (N = 3579) (55.7%)

p value

Partner age categories

 Younger than 25

2225 (34.6)

1047 (36.7)

1178 (32.9)

 

 25–34

2904 (45.2)

1324 (46.4)

1580 (44.2)

 

 35–44

546 (8.5)

209 (7.3)

337 (9.4)

< 0.001

 45 and older

134 (2.1)

47 (1.7)

87 (2.4)

 

 Refusal/Don’t know

623 (9.7)

226 (7.9)

397 (11.1)

 

Partner’s education status

 None/Primary education only

168 (2.6)

50 (1.8)

118 (3.3)

 

 Junior secondary only

127 (2.0)

49 (1.7)

78 (2.2)

<  0.001

 Senior secondary

2107 (32.8)

943 (33.1)

1164 (32.5)

 

 Higher than senior secondary

3349 (52.1)

1574 (55.2)

1775 (49.6)

 

 Refusal/Don’t know

681 (10.6)

237 (8.3)

444 (12.4)

 

Partner’s sexual orientation

 Gay or homosexual

2487 (38.7)

1131 (39.7)

1356 (37.9)

 

 Bisexual

3418 (53.1)

1532 (53.7)

1886 (52.7)

< 0.001

 Refusal/Don’t know

527 (8.2)

190 (6.7)

337 (9.4)

 

Partner’s marital status

 Single/Never married

5285 (82.2)

2338 (82.0)

2947 (82.3)

 

 Married to a woman

919 (14.3)

397 (13.9)

522 (14.6)

 

 Cohabitating with a man

20 (0.3)

7 (0.3)

13 (0.4)

0.033

 Separated/Divorced/Widowed

39 (0.6)

17 (0.6)

22 (0.6)

 

 Refusal/Don’t know

116 (1.8)

69 (2.4)

47 (1.3)

 

 Missing

53 (0.8)

25 (0.88)

28 (0.80)

 

Relationship type

 Regular

2255 (35.1)

951 (33.3)

1304 (36.4)

 

 Casual

4160 (64.7)

1890 (66.3)

2270 (63.4)

0.011

 Refusal/Don’t know

8 (0.12)

6 (0.2)

2 (0.06)

 

 Missing

9 (0.14)

6 (0.2)

3 (0.08)

 

Age difference between partner and participant

 No age difference

548 (8.5)

237 (8.3)

311 (8.7)

 

 Age difference greater than or equal to ten years

998 (15.5)

440 (15.4)

558 (15.6)

< 0.001

 Age difference less than 10 years

4229 (65.8)

1938 (67.9)

2291 (64.0)

 

 Unknown age difference

657 (10.2)

238 (8.3)

419 (11.7)

 

Partner Age mix

 All partner’s ages were different

3264 (50.8)

1470 (51.5)

1794 (50.1)

 

 All partners were consistently younger than participant

755 (11.7)

354 (12.4)

401 (11.2)

 

 All partners were consistently older than participant

1976 (30.7)

894 (31.3)

1082 (30.2)

< 0.001

 All partners were the same age as participant

42 (0.7)

16 (0.6)

26 (0.7)

 

 Unknown age mix

395 (6.1)

119 (4.2)

276 (7.7)

 

Partner socio-economic status

 Same as participant’s

1367 (21.3)

635 (22.3)

732 (20.5)

 

 Lower than participant’s

1386 (21.6)

610 (21.4)

776 (21.7)

 

 Higher than participant’s

3428 (53.3)

1520 (53.3)

1908 (53.3)

0.012

 Refusal/Don’t know

248 (3.9)

88 (3.1)

160 (4.5)

 

 Missing

3 (0.05)

0

3 (0.08)

 

Did your partner have more than one regular sexual partner at the same time?

 No

963 (15.0)

448 (15.7)

515 (14.4)

 

 Yes

4403 (68.5)

1930 (67.7)

2473 (69.1)

0.311

 Don’t Know

1066 (16.6)

475 (16.6)

591 (16.5)

 

How many sexual partners do you believe your partner has had in the past year?

 No sexual partners

104 (1.6)

44 (1.5)

60 (1.7)

 

 1–2 sexual partners

470 (7.3)

244 (8.6)

226 (6.3)

 

 3–5 sexual partners

573 (8.9)

310 (10.9)

263 (7.4)

< 0.001

 Greater than 5

589 (9.2)

309 (10.9)

280 (7.8)

 

 Don’t know

4696 (73.0)

1946 (68.2)

2750 (76.8)

 

Do you believe partner has ever had sex under the influence of drug or alcohol?

 No

2100 (32.7)

1031 (36.1)

1069 (29.9)

 

 Yes

1238 (19.3)

623 (21.8)

615 (17.2)

 

 Don’t Know

778 (12.1)

344 (12.1)

434 (12.1)

 

 Refusal

2316 (36.0)

855 (30.0)

1461 (40.8)

 

When partner has sex with other sexual partners how often do you believe a condom is used

 Never

237 (3.7)

82 (2.9)

155 (4.3)

 

 Sometimes

1035 (16.1)

446 (15.6)

589 (16.5)

 

 Almost always

296 (4.6)

124 (4.4)

172 (4.8)

< 0.001

 Always

974 (15.1)

657 (23.0)

317 (8.9)

 

 Don’t know

1311 (20.4)

541 (19.0)

770 (21.5)

 

 Refusal

2577 (40.1)

1001 (35.1)

1576 (44.0)

 

 Missing

2 (0.03)

2 (0.07)

0

 

When you had sex with this partner, how often did you have sex?

 Only once or twice ever

1125 (17.5)

564 (19.8)

561 (15.7)

 

 Almost every day

207 (3.2)

80 (2.8)

127 (3.6)

 

 A few times each week

1003 (15.6)

411 (14.4)

592 (16.5)

 

 A few times each month

1478 (23.0)

651 (22.8)

827 (23.1)

< 0.001

 Once a month

2598 (40.4)

1140 (40.0)

1458 (40.7)

 

 Refusal/Don’t know

20 (0.3)

6 (0.2)

14 (0.4)

 

 Missing

1 (0.02)

1 (0.04)

0

 

As far as you know, has partner ever had any kind of STI?

 No

2479 (38.5)

1256 (44.0)

1223 (34.2)

 

 Yes

551 (8.6)

233 (8.2)

318 (8.9)

< 0.001

 Unknown

3371 (52.4)

1355 (47.5)

2016 (56.3)

 

 Missing

31 (0.5)

9 (0.3)

22 (0.6)

 

Has partner encouraged you to make sure you use condom when you have sex with other sexual partners?

 No

2274 (35.4)

826 (29.0)

1, 448 (40.5)

 

 Yes

3343 (52.0)

1661 (58.2)

1682 (47.0)

 

 Don’t know

11 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

11 (0.3)

< 0.001

 Refusal

804 (12.5)

366 (12.9)

438 (12.2)

 

How frequently do you discuss HIV with partner?

 Never

2059 (32.0)

756 (26.5)

1303 (36.4)

 

 At least once a week

1173 (18.2)

668 (23.4)

505 (14.1)

 

 Once a month or less

2395 (37.2)

1057 (37.1)

1338 (37.4)

< 0.001

 Refused

805 (12.5)

372 (13.0)

433 (12.1)

 

As far as you know what your partner’s HIV status is?

 Negative

2598 (40.4)

1931 (48.8)

1207 (33.7)

 

 Positive

355 (5.5)

127 (4.5)

228 (6.4)

 

 Unknown

3460 (53.8)

1330 (46.6)

2130 (59.5)

< 0.001

 Missing

19 (0.3)

5 (0.2)

14 (0.4)

 

HIV serostatus concordance

 Both negative

1363 (21.2)

730 (25.6)

633 (17.7)

 

 Both positive

243 (3.8)

94 (3.3)

149 (4.2)

 

 HIV serodiscordant/ Unknown status

3972 (61.8)

1784 (62.5)

2188 (61.1)

< 0.001

 Both unknown

835 (13.0)

240 (8.4)

595 (16.6)

 

 Missing

19 (0.3)

23 (0.4)

14 (0.4)

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