Table 5 Perceived Effectiveness of Preventive Measures odds ratio estimates (OR¹ and OR) and OR 95% confidence interval (95% C.I.OR) for the multiple logistic regression model

 18–24

 25–34

2.32*

1.63

1.27

 35–44

1.39

0.46*

0.56*

 45–54

0.39**

0.34*

0.5*

 55–64

–

–

0.80

 65 years old and above

0.54

–

–

 Female

2.7**

4.113

(1.535–11.02)

0.005

2.55**

2.669

(1.036–6.874)

0.042

3.93**

4.417

(1.997–9.774)

< 0.001

 Single

 Married

0.70

0.769

(0.169–3.503)

0.734

0.38**

0.321

(0.108–0.953)

0.041

0.5**

0.828

(0.39–1.76)

0.624

 Separated/ Divorced

0.19**

0.109

(0.02–0.597)

0.011

0.29*

0.166

(0.028–0.976)

0.047

0.33**

0.252

(0.073–0.865)

0.028

 Widowed

0.19*

0.160

(0.009–2.951)

0.218

0.06**

0.035

(0.004–0.307)

0.003

0.15**

0.098

(0.014–0.687)

0.019

 PhD

 Until Secondary/Equivalent

1.14

0.76

0.367

(0.071–1.885)

0.230

0.70

0.357

(0.111–1.155)

0.086

 Pre-Univ.Diploma

0.33**

0.22**

0.168

(0.049–0.584)

0.005

0.47*

0.446

(0.15–1.332)

0.148

 University

2.08*

1.05

0.599

(0.2–1.794)

0.360

1.56

0.840

(0.355–1.986)

0.691

 High Diploma

–

–

–

–

–

 Master

1.28

0.85

0.560

(0.166–1.893)

0.351

0.45**

0.313

(0.146–0.669)

0.003

 Saudi

0.61

1.21

3.32**

3.174

(1.741–5.783)

0.000

 Unemployed/Not working/Other

 Working/student full time

0.40

0.63

0.59

 Working part time

0.17**

0.26*

0.32**

 Retired

0.29*

0.45

0.33*

Healthcare worker

0.65

1.13

0.98

 Under 1333 USD per month

 1333 USD to 2666 USD per month

0.38

2.13

0.64

 2666.67 USD to 3999.74 USD per month

3.53

11.04**

0.81

 4000 USD to 5333.07 USD per month

0.32

1.42

0.68

 5333.34 USD to 6666.41 USD per month

0.40

1.72

0.80

 6666.67 USD and over per month

0.50

2.44*

0.79

 Don’t know/ Prefer not to say

0.33

1.53

0.48

 Fairly or Very poor/ Prefer not to say

 Very good

1.38

7.64**

12.394

(4.737–32.428)

< 0.001

2.22*

3.661

(1.254–10.692)

0.018

 Fairly good

2.08

55.65**

75.234

(5.757–983.184)

0.001

5.42**

9.020

(2.169–37.517)

0.002

 Neither good or poor

1.08

16.96*

17.434

(0.61–498.564)

0.095

1.40

1.658

(0.329–8.349)

0.540

At Least One Chronic Health Conditions Currently

0.5**

0.88

1.7**

Chronic Condition in Members of the Household or Those Under Your Care

1.97*

1.76*

0.89

At Least One Respiratory/ Cold/ Flu-like Symptom

0.5*

0.352

(0.161–0.772)

0.009

1.49

3.22**

2.795

(1.121–6.97)

0.027