Table 1 Ideational Variables
Dimension | Domain | Likert-scale statement or question | Definition (from Kincaid et al) |
|---|---|---|---|
Cognitive | Knowledge | - Contraception benefit for children? - Contraception benefits for self? - Side effects from using contraception are normal and usually go away in a few months. - A woman’s body is not ready for childbirth until she is 18. - Women over 35 have a higher risk of complications during pregnancy and shortly after birth. |  |
Beliefs (attitude) | - Couples who use a modern contraception have better quality of life. | Beliefs about an object or behavior | |
Values (attitude) | - Do you personally approve of using contraception for spacing births? - It is important that husbands and wives discuss contraception. | Values that specify its positive or negative consequences | |
Contraceptive Myths | - Use of some contraceptives can make a woman permanently infertile. - Contraceptives can harm a woman’s womb. - Contraceptives can reduce a man’s sexual urge. - Contraceptives reduce a woman’s sexual urge. - Contraceptives can cause cancer. - Contraceptives can give you deformed babies. - Women who use contraception end up with health problems. - Women who use contraceptives may become promiscuous. | - | |
Subjective Norms | - People will call you bad names if they know you use contraception. - q326 Religious leaders should speak publicly about modern contraception. - Most couples in my community use modern methods for spacing. | What an individual thinks others expect him/her to do as well as what an individual thinks other people are doing (social norms) | |
Emotional | Self-efficacy | - How confident are you to convince your husband/partner to use modern FP? - How confident are you to use a modern method even if your partner disagrees? | Beliefs in one’s capability to organize and execute the course of action required to manage prospective situations. |
Social | Social influence | - Who decides if you use a contraceptive method? (self alone, partner, both) - Besides yourself, who else influences your decision to use family planning? (husband, mother-in-law, mother, health care provider) | Encompasses all interpersonal processes by which other people persuade someone to behave a certain way, as well as influence that occurs by social modeling by others |