Table 1 Definition of variables and descriptive statistics

Self-rated health

Unhealthy = 1,fair = 2,relatively healthy =3, healthy = 4, very healthy = 5

3.21

1.05

3.23

1.01

3.19

1.10

Long work hours

Whether working time is less than 50 h

0.51

0.5

—

—

—

—

Gender

Male = 1,female = 0

0.29

0.46

0.26

0.44

0.33

0.47

Age

age

36.74

11.06

36.38

11.03

37.08

11.09

Income

Annual personal income

8.42

4.03

9.06

3.55

7.80

4.36

Level of education

Junior secondary and below = 1, senior secondary/technical school/vocational high school = 2, junior college and above = 3

1.84

0.88

2.15

0.89

1.54

0.77

Marital status

At the wedding =1,otherwise = 0

0.80

0.40

0.77

0.42

0.82

0.39

Whether to smoke or not

Smoking = 1,otherwise = 0

0.05

0.22

0.04

0.19

0.06

0.24

Whether to drink or not

Three times a week in the past month = 1

0.07

0.25

0.06

0.24

0.08

0.27

Exercise Frequency

How many times a week do you do exercise

2.16

2.92

2.40

2.93

1.93

2.89

Whether you have health insurance or not

Health Insurance = 1, No = 0

0.90

0.30

0.91

0.29

0.89

0.31