Table 5 Comparison of psychiatric morbidity, physical health, and sexual health of Non-Violent and Violent Men in surveys (n = 2656)

Psychiatric Morbidity

N(%)

N(%)

Model 1

AOR(95%CI)

N(%)

Model 1

AOR(95%CI)

N(%)

Model 1

AOR(95%CI)

Model 1

AOR(95%CI)

Model 2

AOR(95%CI)^a

Psychosis (PSQ ≥ 3)

9(0.7)

6(1.3)

1.97 (0.70–5.53)

28(4.4)

6.90*** (3.18–14.97)

20(7.0)

10.90*** (4.83–24.58)

1.58 (0.87–2.87)

0.92 (0.46–1.85)

Anxiety^#

85(6.9)

42(9.1)

1.26 (0.84–1.89)

115(17.8)

3.29*** (2.40–4.52)

64(22.2)

3.96*** (2.71–5.79)

1.20 (0.83–1.73)

1.08 (0.68–1.70)

Depression^#

82(6.7)

35(7.6)

1.05 (0.68–1.63)

51(7.9)

0.78 (0.52–1.16)

29(10.1)

0.94 (0.58–1.52)

1.19 (0.71–2.00)

0.95 (0.50–1.79)

Hazardous drinking

328(27.4)

173(39.1)

1.71*** (1.36–2.15)

249(41.1)

1.78*** (1.45–2.19)

106(39.8)

1.72*** (1.30–2.26)

0.96 (0.72–1.29)

0.96 (0.67–1.36)

Alcohol abuse

63(5.3)

18(4.1)

0.78 (0.46–1.33)

64(10.6)

2.09*** (1.45–3.01)

24(9.0)

1.73* (1.05–2.83)

0.84 (0.51–1.38)

0.86 (0.48–1.55)

Alcohol dependence

54(4.4)

25(5.4)

1.22 (0.75–1.98)

77(12.1)

3.02*** (2.10–4.35)

59(21.4)

5.92*** (3.98–8.80)

1.98*** (1.36–2.87)

1.70* (1.06–2.71)

Drug abuse

84(7.0)

48(10.9)

1.64* (1.13–2.37)

130(21.3)

3.52*** (2.62–4.73)

72(28.6)

5.27*** (3.71–7.50)

1.48* (1.06–2.07)

1.37 (0.91–2.06)

Drug dependence

7(0.6)

9(1.9)

3.51* (1.28–9.58)

34(5.3)

11.70*** (5.07–26.99)

38(13.5)

30.28*** (13.16–69.71)

2.62*** (1.61–4.27)

1.94* (1.04–3.61)

Antisocial personality disorder

66(5.4)

16(3.4)

0.61 (0.35–1.07)

192(30.8)

8.41*** (6.20–11.40)

119(42.2)

13.32*** (9.43–18.82)

1.60** (1.19–2.14)

1.20 (0.85–1.71)

Suicide attempt

43(3.5)

13(2.8)

0.77 (0.41–1.45)

70(11.0)

3.59*** (2.41–5.35)

34(12.0)

3.88*** (2.42–6.21)

1.09 (0.70–1.68)

0.78 (0.46–1.32)

 Poor/fair

119(9.7)

83(17.8)

1.98*** (1.46–2.69)

90(14.0)

1.76** (1.27–2.29)

80(27.8)

3.83*** (2.77–5.30)

2.24*** (1.58–3.16)

1.87** (1.21–2.88)

 Longstanding condition

61(4.9)

41(8.8)

1.77** (1.17–2.69)

52(8.0)

2.02*** (1.36–2.98)

53(18.6)

4.81*** (3.21–7.19)

2.38*** (1.56–3.64)

1.09 (0.67–1.78)

 Serious/life threatening injury

21(1.7)

7(1.5)

0.82 (0.34–1.97)

31(4.7)

3.30*** (1.87–5.83)

28(9.7)

6.62*** (3.68–11.89)

2.00* (1.17–3.42)

2.10* (1.03–4.27)

 High fat/low fibre diet

70(5.6)

31(6.6)

1.22 (0.79–1.87)

51(7.8)

1.32 (0.93–1.88)

43(14.9)

2.81*** (1.88–4.20)

2.18*** (1.41–3.37)

2.10** (1.21–3.64)

 Lack of exercise

136(11.0)

54(11.5)

1.04 (0.75–1.46)

47(7.2)

0.66* (0.46–0.93)

39(13.5)

1.30 (0.89–1.90)

2.00** (1.27–3.13)

1.41 (0.80–2.51)

 Smoking ≥15/day

136(11.0)

87(18.5)

2.13*** (1.58–2.86)

77(12.0)

2.89*** (2.31–3.63)

62(21.5)

3.95*** (2.89–5.41)

2.02*** (1.40–2.92)

2.35*** (1.47–3.74)

 Obesity

146(13.6)

53(12.3)

0.87 (0.62–1.22)

61(11.0)

0.90 (0.65–1.24)

32(12.4)

0.93 (0.61–1.40)

1.08 (0.68–1.72)

0.92 (0.54–1.58)

Mean(SD)

Mean(SD)

β(95%CI)

Mean(SD)

β(95%CI)

Mean(SD)

β (95%CI)

Model 1 β (95%CI)

Model 2 β (95%CI)

Height (cm)

175.9(7.4)

174.6(7.3)

−1.29** (−2.12- -0.45)

177.0(7.7)

1.13** (0.36–1.90)

173.8(8.1)

−2.06*** (−3.07- -1.04)

−3.25*** (−4.40- -2.11)

− 2.74*** (−4.11- -1.37)

Sexual health

N(%)

AOR(95%CI)

N(%)

AOR(95%CI)

N(%)

AOR(95%CI)

Model 1 AOR(95%CI)

Model 2 AOR(95%CI)

STI

75(6.4)

38(8.4)

1.34 (0.89–2.01)

108(17.4)

3.17*** (2.31–4.35)

56(19.8)

3.68*** (2.53–5.35)

1.17 (0.82–1.67)

1.06 (0.69–1.62)

Anal sex

235(20.1)

37(8.0)

0.34*** (0.24–0.49)

184(30.2)

1.82*** (1.45–2.28)

65(23.0)

1.22 (0.89–1.66)

0.68* (0.49–0.94)

0.73 (0.49–1.07)

≥ 10 sex partners (past year)

27(2.4)

16(3.6)

1.49 (0.80–2.80)

48(7.8)

3.11*** (1.92–5.05)

19(6.9)

2.86*** (1.56–5.22)

0.94 (0.54–1.63)

0.87 (0.45–1.66)

Coercive sex

27(2.4)

5(1.2)

0.51 (0.20–1.28)

46(7.8)

3.25*** (1.99–5.30)

6(2.5)

0.94 (0.38–2.35)

0.30** (0.12–0.71)

0.25** (0.10–0.64)

Contraceptive sex rare/never

282(25.5)

77(17.4)

0.62** (0.47–0.82)

178(29.1)

1.24 (0.99–1.55)

59(20.9)

0.79 (0.57–1.08)

0.64** (0.46–0.89)

0.51*** (0.35–0.76)

≥ 10 prostitutes (ever)

67(5.4)

24(5.1)

0.94 (0.58–1.52)

58(8.9)

1.83*** (1.27–2.65)

28(9.7)

1.91** (1.20–3.04)

1.04 (0.64–1.68)

1.18 (0.65–2.14)

Sex usually intoxicated

145(13.1)

76(20.1)

1.69*** (1.24–2.29)

173(29.0)

2.61*** (2.03–3.35)

131(53.5)

7.42*** (5.46–10.08)

2.84*** (2.09–3.87)

2.84*** (1.95–4.15)

Sex > 1 person

185(15.8)

43(9.3)

0.54** (0.38–0.76)

231(37.1)

3.31*** (2.63–4.17)

87(30.5)

2.41*** (1.79–3.25)

0.73* (0.54–0.98)

0.71 (0.50–1.02)

Sex with men

67(5.6)

8(1.7)

0.31** (0.15–0.64)

30(4.7)

0.84 (0.54–1.31)

2(0.7)

0.11** (0.02–0.47)

0.13** (0.03–0.60)

0.14* (0.03–0.65)