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Table 2 Factors Associated with HIV Testing in the Year Prior to Enrollment of Adults at Risk for HIV in Kisumu, Kenya

From: Hepatitis and tuberculosis testing are much less common than HIV testing among adults in Kisumu, Kenya: results from a cross-sectional assessment

Characteristic

Unadjusted Prevalence Ratio

(95% Confidence Interval)

p

Adjusted Prevalence Ratio

(95% Confidence Interval)

p

Age

  ≤ 22 years

Reference

 

 

 23–29 years

1.06 (0.97, 1.15)

0.21

 

  ≥ 30 years

0.99 (0.88, 1.11)

0.82

 

Sex

 Male

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Female

1.08 (1.01, 1.17)

0.03

1.07 (0.96, 1.19)

0.23

Education Level

 Less than Secondary School

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Secondary School or Higher

1.10 (1.02, 1.19)

0.01

1.10 (1.02, 1.20)

0.02

Marital Status

 Single/Never Married

Reference

 

 

 Married/Cohabitating

0.97 (0.89, 1.07)

0.58

 

Self-Assessed HIV Risk

 No Risk

Reference

 

 

 Some Risk

1.01 (0.89, 1.15)

0.85

 

 High Risk

0.94 (0.81, 1.08)

0.40

 

Alcohol Abuse

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Yes

0.86 (0.72, 1.04)

0.12

0.89 (0.74, 1.07)

0.21

Income

  ≤ 9000

Reference

 

 

  > 9000

0.998 (0.92, 1.08)

0.95

 

Occupation

 All Other Occupations

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Sex Worker

1.03 (0.94, 1.13)

0.48

1.01 (0.90, 1.13)

0.86

 Fisherman

0.89 (0.78, 1.01)

0.07

0.96 (0.83, 1.10)

0.55

 Bar/Pub/Waitress

1.08 (0.96, 1.20)

0.20

1.06 (0.94, 1.20)

0.34

  1. Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for factors potentially associated with prior testing for HIV in the year prior to study enrollment. Factors with p < 0.20 in unadjusted models were included in the adjusted model. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) prevalence ratios are shown in bold. Nine participants were excluded from the analysis through listwise deletion due to missing data for occupation and self-assessed HIV risk covariates