Study | Outcome Measure | Outcome in Control Group | Outcome in Intervention Group | Test statistics and statistical significance (where available) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hu 2018 [17] | Incidence of HFMD | 13.3% (4/30) | 0% (0/30) | n/a |
Hu 2019 [18] | Duration of rash in days, M (SD) | 7.43 (1.9) | 3.65 (0.8) | p < 0.05 |
Time to recovery in days, M (SD) | 13.04 (2.6) | 6.66 (1.5) | p < 0.05 | |
Little 2015 [9] | Number reporting one or more episodes of RTI at 16 weeks | 59% (5135/ 8667) | 51% (4242/ 8241) | Multivariate risk ratio 0·86; 95% CI 0·83–0·89; p < 0·0001 |
Number reporting one or more episodes of gastrointestinal infections at 16 weeks | 25% (1821/ 7292) | 21% (1376/ 6410) | Multivariate risk ratio 0.82; 95% CI 0.76–0.88; p < 0.0001 | |
Number of respiratory infections at 4 months, M (SD) | 1.09 (1.36) | 0.84 (1.13) | Multivariate incident rate ratio 0.75; 95% CI 0.72–0.79; p < 0.0001 | |
Number of days of moderate or bad symptoms, M (SD) | 2.60 (4.44) | 2.08 (4.00) | Multivariate incident rate ratio 0.92; 95% CI 0.87–0.98; p < 0.0001 | |
Antibiotic use in primary care within 4 months | 6% (617/9579) | 6% (535/9540) | Multivariate risk ratio 0.83; 95% CI 0.74–0.94; p = 0.002 | |
Antibiotic use in primary care within 12 months | 11% (1008/9579) | 9% (891/9540) | Multivariate risk ratio 0.85; 95% CI 0.77–0.93; p < 0.001 | |
Consultation in primary care or hospitalisation with respiratory infection within 4 months | 11% (1021/9579) | 10% (951/9540) | Multivariate risk ratio 0.90; 95% CI 0.82–0.98; p = 0.014 | |
Consultation in primary care or hospitalisation with respiratory infection within 12 months | 17% (1653/9579) | 16% (1527/9540) | Multivariate risk ratio 0.90; 95% CI 0.84–0.96; p = 0.001 | |
Number of respiratory infections in household members | 49% (4193/ 8551) | 44% (3545/ 8075) | Multivariate risk ratio 0.88; 95% CI 0.85–0.92; p < 0.0001 | |
Number of respiratory infections in the household at 4 months, M (SD) | 1.17 (2.07) | 0.93 (1.48) | Multivariate incident rate ratio 0.79; 95% CI 0.74–0.83; p < 0.0001 |