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Table 1 Characteristics of counties by the Area Deprivation Index level

From: Differential impact of mitigation policies and socioeconomic status on COVID-19 prevalence and social distancing in the United States

ADI Level

Lowest / Q1

Low / Q2

High / Q3

Highest / Q4

All Levels

# of counties

522

522

522

521

2087

Observation time / SAH Implementation, days

95.7 (14.2)

95.8 (13.0)

94.0 (13.4)

86.2 (10.5)

92.9 (13.4)

Observation time / SAH Lifting, days

93.2 (3.8)

92.9 (4.6)

92.3 (5.0)

89.5 (4.6)

92.0 (4.8)

# of residents

176,972 (276,383)

120,052 (356,081)

70,334 (169,653)

37,381 (110,126)

101,215 (252,467)

Density, count per squared mile

43,367 (98,615)

25,825 (96,300)

15,697 (42,369)

13,972 (68,397)

24,726 (80,604)

Density - Low: 1st – 10th

65 (12.5%)

73 (14.0%)

47 (9.0%)

24 (4.6%)

209 (10.0%)

Density - Medium: 11th – 90th

349 (66.9%)

394 (75.5%)

450 (86.2%)

476 (91.5%)

1669 (80.0%)

Density - High: 91st – 100th

108 (20.7%)

55 (10.5%)

25 (4.8%)

20 (3.8%)

208 (10.0%)

Median age, years

41.5 (5.3)

42.3 (5.6)

42.1 (5.5)

40.7 (4.6)

41.7 (5.3)

% elderly

17.9% (5.3%)

19.2% (4.6%)

19.0% (4.3%)

17.6% (3.4%)

18.4% (4.5%)

Median family income, $

83,408 (15,914)

65,721 (5581)

57,718 (4691)

47,992 (5932)

63,717 (15,940)

% families in poverty

6.1% (1.9%)

9.0% (2.0%)

11.9% (2.3%)

18.2% (4.9%)

11.3% (5.4%)

% people unemployed

4.3% (1.4%)

5.1% (1.2%)

6.3% (1.9%)

8.5% (3.3%)

6.0% (2.7%)

% people with at least high school education

92.3% (2.7%)

89.3% (2.9%)

86.3% (3.7%)

79.9% (4.5%)

87.0% (5.8%)

COVID-19 prevalence (# cases per 10,000 people)

On March 1st

0.0 (0.2)

0.0 (0.1)

0.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.1)

At SAH implementation

1.7 (3.3)

1.0 (1.8)

0.9 (1.9)

2.6 (5.5)

1.6 (3.5)

At SAH lifting

26.6 (37.8)

19.4 (35.9)

21.9 (59.6)

28.5 (42.6)

24.1 (45.1)

Social Distancing Index

On March 1st

35.3 (7.5)

34.2 (7.1)

33.6 (7.1)

33.2 (6.9)

34.1 (7.2)

At SAH implementation

50.6 (11.7)

44.0 (11.2)

40.6 (10.8)

32.1 (11.3)

41.8 (13.1)

At SAH lifting

30.4 (11.6)

24.7 (10.0)

23.3 (9.2)

21.0 (8.7)

24.8 (10.5)

  1. Numbers represent mean while those within the brackets represent standard deviation
  2. ADI Area Deprivation Index, SAH Stay at Home