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Table 2 Contact coverage of routine MNH visits in Nepal, NDHS 2016

From: Intersectional (in) equities in contact coverage of maternal and newborn health services in Nepal: insights from a nationwide cross-sectional household survey

Determinants

Frequency

4ANC visits (N = 1978)

Institutional delivery (N = 1978)

PNC visit (N = 1978)

  

Yes (%)

p

Yes (%)

p

Yes (%)

p

Structural

 Wealth rank

  Poor (40%)

832

64.9

< 0.001

48.7

< 0.001

39.6

< 0.001

  Rich (60%)

1146

75.2

 

75.4

 

58.4

 

 Ethnicity

  Disadvantaged

1374

65.7

< 0.001

59.6

< 0.001

44.8

< 0.001

  Advantaged

604

82.4

 

74.7

 

63.6

 

 Education

  Illiterate

570

53.5

< 0.001

47.3

< 0.001

36.3

< 0.001

  Literate

1408

77.9

 

71.0

 

56.3

 

Intermediary

 Language

  Nepali

839

80.2

< 0.001

70.2

 

57.7

< 0.001

  Maithili

360

67.6

 

56.5

 

40.7

 

  Bhojpuri

267

45.6

 

53.0

 

33.9

 

  Others (e.g., Newari or Tharu)

512

70.9

 

65.7

 

54.3

 

 Provinces

  One

338

78.8

< 0.001

65.9

< 0.001

54.5

< 0.001

  Two

513

58.0

 

54.7

 

38.3

 

  Three

312

75.8

 

72.4

 

62.8

 

  Four

164

75.3

 

73.5

 

63.8

 

  Five

364

74.7

 

65.6

 

51.4

 

  Six

121

54.6

 

43.7

 

36.4

 

  Seven

166

84.0

 

77.4

 

52.1

 

 Residence

  Urban

1062

75.5

0.003

73.6

< 0.001

57.5

< 0.001

  Rural

916

65.4

 

53.3

 

42.4

 

 Region

  Mountain

131

71.7

0.015

45.0

0.007

45.6

< 0.001

  Hill

760

76.2

 

67.7

 

57.1

 

  Terai

1087

67.0

 

64.1

 

46.5

 

  National level

1978

71.0

 

64.0

 

51.5

 
  1. Note: p-values obtained from Fisher exact test. ANC: antenatal care. PNC: postnatal care