Table 3 Subgroup analysis for the association of tourism experiences with mortality
From: Tourism experiences and the lower risk of mortality in the Chinese elderly: a national cohort study
Subgroup | ≥1 times within the past 2 years | |
|---|---|---|
Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P for interaction | |
All | 0.73 (0.62–0.85) | |
Basic demographic characteristics | ||
Age (years) | 0.888 | |
< 85 | 0.80 (0.64–1.01) | |
≥ 85 | 0.70 (0.56–0.87) | |
Sex | 0.544 | |
Male | 0.75 (0.61–0.93) | |
Female | 0.69 (0.53–0.88) | |
Education | 0.539 | |
No school | 0.68 (0.52–0.87) | |
1 year or more | 0.76 (0.62–0.94) | |
Residence | 0.519 | |
Urban | 0.66 (0.54–0.81) | |
Rural | 0.85 (0.65–1.09) | |
Marital status | 0.806 | |
Unmarried | 0.47 (0.04–6.34) | |
Married | 0.71 (0.55–0.92) | |
Divorced or widowed | 0.74 (0.60–0.91) | |
Living pattern | 0.180 | |
Living with family members | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) | |
Living alone/in an institution | 0.59 (0.38–0.89) | |
Lifestyle characteristics | ||
Smoking status | 0.027 | |
Non-smoker | 0.64 (0.51–0.80) | |
Smoker | 0.82 (0.65–1.04) | |
Drinking status | 0.327 | |
Non-drinker | 0.79 (0.64–0.97) | |
Drinker | 0.66 (0.51–0.86) | |
Regular exercise | 0.643 | |
Yes | 0.73 (0.60–0.89) | |
No | 0.70 (0.53–0.94) | |
Leisure activities (median) | 0.974 | |
0–3 | 0.73 (0.58–0.92) | |
4–8 | 0.70 (0.56–0.88) | |
Dietary diversity score | 0.643 | |
Poor | 0.75 (0.57–0.99) | |
Good | 0.73 (0.60–0.88) | |
Health status | ||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.482 | |
Underweight (< 18.5) | 0.72 (0.52–0.99) | |
Normal (18.5–24.9) | 0.69 (0.56–0.85) | |
Overweight (25–29.9) | 0.66 (0.70–1.77) | |
Obese (≥30) | 0.65 (0.23–1.87) | |
Depression | 0.442 | |
Yes | 0.62 (0.40–0.96) | |
No | 0.75 (0.63–0.90) | |
Unknown | 0.59 (0.29–1.20) | |
Hypertension | 0.633 | |
Yes | 0.78 (0.58–1.05) | |
No | 0.72 (0.60–0.88) | |
Unknown | 0.41 (0.14–1.23) | |
Diabetes | 0.666 | |
Yes | 0.80 (0.45–1.42) | |
No | 0.72 (0.60–0.85) | |
Unknown | 0.60 (0.24–1.53) | |
Heart diseases | 0.753 | |
Yes | 0.78(0.51–1.19) | |
No | 0.74 (0.62–0.88) | |
Unknown | 0.51 (0.20–1.28) | |
Stroke | 0.223 | |
Yes | 1.64 (0.97–2.76) | |
No | 0.68 (0.57–0.81) | |
Unknown | 0.61 (0.29–1.31) | |
Cancer | 0.724 | |
Yes | 0.05 (0.01–0.57) | |
No | 0.72 (0.61–0.85) | |
Unknown | 0.72 (0.34–1.53) | |
Arthritis | 0.670 | |
Yes | 0.89 (0.60–1.33) | |
No | 0.70 (0.58–0.84) | |
Unknown | 0.79 (0.34–1.81) | |
Cognitive impairment | 0.448 | |
Yes | 0.87 (0.57–1.32) | |
No | 0.72 (0.60–0.85) | |
ADL in disability | 0.239 | |
Yes | 0.84 (0.60–1.19) | |
No | 0.71 (0.59–0.85) | |
Toothache or pain in the jaw joint more than once during the past 6 months | 0.674 | |
Yes | 0.58 (0.41–0.84) | |
No | 0.77 (0.65–0.93) | |
Socioeconomic status | ||
Childhood SES | 0.369 | |
Yes | 0.74 (0.61–0.91) | |
No | 0.76 (0.56–1.04) | |
Unknown | 0.47 (0.24–0.94) | |
Adult SES | 0.315 | |
Good | 0.86 (0.64–1.15) | |
Poor | 0.68 (0.56–0.83) | |