Variables | Effects | NO. Of studies | Subgroup analysis | Prediction interval | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pooled ES (95% CI) | I²,Tau², P value | ||||
Sample size | Â | ||||
>=1000 | HR | 24 | 1.16 (1.03-1.32) | I² = 88%, τ² = 0.0697,P < 0.01 | 0.66-2.04 |
OR | 53 | 1.41 (1.32-1.51) | I² = 84%, τ² = 0.0694,P < 0.01 | 0.84-2.39 | |
<1000 | HR | 41 | 1.63 (1.41-1.88) | I² = 64%, τ² = 0.0957,P < 0.01 | 0.86-3.10 |
OR | 83 | 1.57 (1.40-1.77) | I² = 57%, τ² = 0.0967, P < 0.01 | 0.84-2.95 | |
Age | Â | ||||
>=60 | HR | 41 | 1.42 (1.25-1.61) | I² = 73%,τ² = 0.0914, P < 0.01 | 0.76-2.65 |
OR | 78 | 1.49 (1.34-1.65) | I² = 86%, τ² = 0.1144,P < 0.01 | 0.75-2.95 | |
<60 | HR | 23 | 1.18 (1.04-1.33) | I² = 81%, τ² = 0.0181,P < 0.01 | 0.77-1.80 |
OR | 58 | 1.30 (1.19-1.42) | I² = 76%, τ² = 0.0379,P < 0.01 | 0.87-1.94 | |
NR | HR | 1 | 2.59 (1.16-5.79) | - | - |
OR | 2 | 1.75 (0.67-4.61) | I² = 88%, τ² = 0.4301,P < 0.01 | - | |
Male (%) | Â | ||||
>=50 | HR | 44 | 1.41 (1.23-1.60) | I² = 83%, τ² = 0.1123,P < 0.01 | 0.71-2.80 |
OR | 94 | 1.33 (1.23-1.44) | I² = 78%, τ² = 0.0558,P < 0.01 | 0.83-2.14 | |
<50 | HR | 21 | 1.25 (1.13-1.38) | I² = 55%, τ² = 0.0179,P < 0.01 | 0.92-1.69 |
OR | 36 | 1.42 (1.27-1.58) | I² = 56%, τ² = 0.0431,P < 0.01 | 0.92-2.20 | |
NA | HR | 0 | - | - | - |
OR | 8 | 2.25 (0.87-5.79) | I² = 98%, τ² = 1.6735,P < 0.01 | 0.08-65.97 | |
Study design | Â | ||||
Retrospective/case series | HR | 38 | 1.50 (1.30-1.73) | I² = 81%, τ² = 0.1067,P < 0.01 | 0.76-2.96 |
OR | 88 | 1.37 (1.28-1.47) | I² = 65%, τ² = 0.0269,P < 0.01 | 0.98-1.91 | |
Prospective study | HR | 9 | 1.11 (0.74-1.67) | I² = 88%, τ² = 0.2724,P < 0.01 | 0.28-4.39 |
OR | 7 | 1.31 (0.84-2.06) | I² = 77%, τ² = 0.2451,P < 0.01 | 0.32-5.34 | |
Others | HR | 19 | 1.25 (1.12-1.39) | I² = 63%, τ² = 0.0214,P < 0.01 | 0.90-1.74 |
OR | 43 | 1.45 (1.24-1.70) | I² = 93%, τ² = 0.1725,P < 0.01 | 0.62-3.42 | |
Region | Â | ||||
Europe | HR | 27 | 1.31 (1.17-1.47) | I² = 83%,τ² = 0.0462, P < 0.01 | 0.83-2.08 |
OR | 54 | 1.47 (1.33-1.64) | I² = 75%, τ² = 0.0725,P < 0.01 | 0.85-2.56 | |
North America | HR | 12 | 1.16 (1.02-1.33) | I² = 52%,τ² = 0.0234, P = 0.02 | 0.80-1.69 |
OR | 42 | 1.18 (1.08-1.29) | I² = 77%, τ² = 0.0333,P < 0.01 | 0.81-1.72 | |
Asia | HR | 24 | 1.64 (1.24-2.16) | I² = 81%,τ² = 0.3015, P < 0.01 | 0.51-5.30 |
OR | 37 | 1.55 (1.29-1.87) | I² = 68%, τ² = 0.1272,P < 0.01 | 0.73-3.29 | |
Others | HR | 2 | 2.12 (0.89-5.01) | I² = 59%, τ² = 0.2289,P = 0.12 | - |
OR | 5 | 3.54(0.86-14.60) | I² = 92%, τ² = 2.2249,P < 0.01 | 0.02-691.66 | |
Disease | Â | ||||
CVD | HR | 27 | 1.36 (1.15-1.61) | I² = 79%, τ² = 0.1154,P < 0.01 | 0.66-2.80 |
OR | 41 | 1.48 (1.24-1.76) | I² = 91%, τ² = 0.1984,P < 0.01 | 0.59-3.70 | |
Cardiac disease | HR | 25 | 1.40 (1.17-1.69) | I² = 77%, τ² = 0.1141,P < 0.01 | 0.68-2.90 |
OR | 38 | 1.43 (1.25-1.64) | I² = 84%, τ² = 0.0762,P < 0.01 | 0.80-2.55 | |
HF | HR | 4 | 1.23 (1.05-1.44) | I² = 89%, τ² = 0.0173,P < 0.01 | 0.63-2.39 |
OR | 31 | 1.46 (1.31-1.62) | I² = 59%, τ² = 0.0290,P < 0.01 | 1.01-2.10 | |
CAD | HR | 9 | 1.48 (1.14-1.93) | I² = 70%, τ² = 0.0957,P < 0.01 | 0.67-3.29 |
OR | 26 | 1.17 (1.02-1.35) | I² = 52%,τ² = 0.0416, P < 0.01 | 0.75-1.83 | |
Others | HR | - | - | - | Â |
OR | 2 | 1.63 (1.05-2.53) | I² = 33%, τ² = 0.0585,P = 0.22 | - | |
Outcomes | Â | ||||
Mortality | HR | 55 | 1.39 (1.27-1.53) | I² = 76%, τ² = 0.0597,P < 0.01 | 0.85-2.30 |
OR | 98 | 1.44 (1.32-1.56) | I² = 84%, τ² = 0.0840, P < 0.01 | 0.80-2.57 | |
Severity | HR | 7 | 1.06 (0.70-1.60) | I² = 88%, τ² = 0.2418,P < 0.01 | 0.30-3.68 |
OR | 25 | 1.22 (1.03-1.43) | I² = 66%, τ² = 0.0575,P < 0.01 | 0.72-2.06 | |
Disease progression | HR | 3 | 1.65 (1.20-2.27) | I² = 0%, τ² = 0.000,P = 0.56 | 0.21-12.92 |
OR | 15 | 1.63 (1.31-2.04) | I² = 68%, τ² = 0.0858,P < 0.01 | 0.84-2.39 |