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Table 2 Results of importance and training needs per topic for all respondents (ports, airports and groundcrossings)

From: Assessing training needs in infectious disease management at major ports, airports and ground-crossings in Europe

Topics

Training in last 3 years

Importance

Training needs

Difference

High score

 

n (%)

Modus (H; M; L/N)

mean (SD) (0 = N; 1 = L; 2 = M; 3 = H)

Modus (H; M; L/N)

mean (SD) (0 = N; 1 = L; 2 = M; 3 = H)

∆ (Z-score (p-value))c

 

A – Knowledge of public health risks

20 (40)

M

2.09 (.70) (α.842)b

M

1.81 (.69) (α.857)b

−1.885 (.059)

 

A1 – biological agents

 

H

2.44 (.76)

M

1.94 (.79)

−3.570 (<.001)a

 

A2 – chemical agents

 

M

2.00 (.80)

M

1.81 (.79)

−1.153 (.249)

 

A3 - radiological agents

 

M

1.77 (.83)

M

1.66 (.82)

−.590 (.555)

 

B – Safe environment

15 (30)

H

2.16 (.72) (α.859)b

L/N

1.75 (.86) (α.911)b

−3.847 (<.001)a

 

B1 - Inspection programs

 

H

2.39 (.81)

H; M

1.94 (1.00)

−3.598 (<.001)a

!

B2 - Vector control at/near the PoE

 

H

2.27 (.93)

H; M

1.98 (.98)

−2.083 (.037)a

!

B3 - Food- and water safety

 

H

2.38 (.92)

L/N

1.84 (1.06)

−3.842 (<.001)a

 

B4 - Public washrooms; waste management

 

M

2.06 (.87)

L/N

1.54 (1.03)

−3.701 (<.001)a

 

B5 - Air quality

 

L/N

1.71 (1.01)

L/N

1.46 (.98)

−1.989 (.047)a

 

C – Routine vessel inspections

22 (44)

H

2.23 (.79) (α.926)b

H; L/N

1.87 (.92) (α.971)b

−3.178 (.001)a

!

C1 – standard operating procedures;

 

H

2.47 (.79)

H

2.04 (.99)

−3.631 (<.001)a

!

C2 – Sewage; solid- and medical wastes;

 

H

2.06 (.99)

L/N

1.73 (.97)

−2.724 (.006)a

 

C3 –Food- and water safety;

 

H

2.29 (.96)

H; L/N

1.88 (1.05)

−3.021 (.003)a

!

C4 – Assessment of required health documents;

 

H

2.31 (.96)

H

1.90 (1.10)

−2.634 (.008)a

!

C5 – Ballast water managementa.

 

H; L/N

1.92 (1.10)

H

1.92 (1.02)

−.104 (.917)

!

D – Ill travelers

16 (32)

H

2.41 (.86) (α.952)b

H

2.15 (.90) (α.948)b

−2.374 (.018)a

!

D1 – Use of protective equipment;

 

H

2.50 (.85)

H

2.24 (.95)

−2.368 (.018)a

!

D2 – Safe removal of travellers for assessment, care, quarantine or isolation;

 

H

2.42 (.90)

H

2.20 (.96)

−1.969 (.049)a

!

D3 – Triage;

 

H

2.44 (.97)

H

2.17 (1.02)

−2.156 (.031)a

!

D4 – Approaching diagnostic facilities and medical services.

 

H

2.29 (.94)

H

2.00 (.97)

−2.442 (.015)a

!

E – PHEC plan

17 (34)

H

2.49 (.72) (α.836)b

M

1.92 (.93) (α.942)b

−4.001 (<.001)a

 

E1 – Composing and updating;

 

H

2.56 (.76)

M

1.94 (1.00)

−3.665 (<.001)a

 

E2 – Adequate and timely usage;

 

H

2.48 (.79)

M

2.02 (.98)

−3.535 (<.001)a

 

E3 – Arrangements with local medical services.

 

H

2.43 (.89)

M

1.87 (1.00)

−3.945 (<.001)a

 

F – Prevention measures

10 (20)

H

2.38 (.66) (α.836)b

H

2.08 (.88) (α.908)b

−2.560 (.010)a

!

F1 – disinsection, deratting, disinfection, decontamination;

 

H

2.60 (.64)

H

2.17 (.91)

−3.377 (.001)a

!

F2 – Treating goods, baggage, cargo or postal parcels;

 

H

2.23 (.88)

H

2.00 (1.03)

−2.000 (.046)a

!

F3 – Treating containers or vessels.

 

H

2.31 (.75)

M

2.08 (.92)

−1.932 (.053)

 

G – Ill and exposed travelers

15 (30)

H

2.53 (.68) (α.923)b

H

2.13 (.87) (α.939)b

−3.432 (.001)a

!

G1 – Use of protective equipment;

 

H

2.67 (.66)

H

2.28 (.91)

−3.260 (.001)a

!

G2 – Use of space for assessment, care, quarantine or isolation;

 

H

2.55 (.74)

H

2.17 (.90)

−3.378 (.001)a

!

G3 – Interview and triage;

 

H

2.50 (.80)

H

2.04 (1.01)

−3.359 (.001)a

!

G4 – Safe transfer of suspected travelers

 

H

2.42 (.82)

H/M

2.02 (.95)

−3.285 (.001)a

!

H – Affected animals

4 (8)

L/N

1.71 (1.04) (α.950)b

L/N

1.41 (1.08) (α.979)b

−2.534 (.011)a

 

H1 – Arrangements with local veterinary services;

 

L/N

1.72 (1.07)

L/N

1.45 (1.06)

−1.880 (.060)

 

H2 – Infection control;

 

H; L/N

1.82 (1.13)

L/N

1.48 (1.13)

−2.348 (.019)a

 

H3 – Care or treatment

 

L/N

1.62 (1.07)

L/N

1.31 (1.12)

−1.949 (.051)

 
  1. aOnly applicable for ports; b Crohnback’s alpha; c Wilcoxon-signed rank test. H high, M moderate, L low, N no, ! a topic with high importance and high training need