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Table 2 scores of the HAPA model variables in different sociodemographic characteristics (n = 327)

From: Application of the health action process approach model for reducing excessive internet use behaviors among rural adolescents in China: a school-based intervention pilot study

 

Left-behind status

Gender

Grade

yes

no

male

female

seventh

tenth

Outcome expectancy

4.85 ± 0.79

4.84 ± 0.87

4.80 ± 0.81

4.90 ± 0.82

4.81 ± 1.02

4.85 ± 0.78

Risk perception

3.22 ± 0.89

3.16 ± 0.85

3.16 ± 0.88

3.24 ± 0.87

3.01 ± 0.96

3.23 ± 0.86

Action self-efficacy b*

2.95 ± 0.87

2.99 ± 0.97

2.86 ± 0.98

3.08 ± 0.81

2.99 ± 1.17

2.96 ± 0.85

Intention

4.18 ± 1.23

4.07 ± 1.27

4.03 ± 1.25

4.25 ± 1.23

3.88 ± 1.65

4.19 ± 1.15

Planningc*

3.62 ± 1.41

3.83 ± 1.40

3.54 ± 1.45

3.84 ± 1.34

3.13 ± 1.58

3.78 ± 1.36

Maintenance self-efficacy

4.13 ± 1.11

4.19 ± 1.10

4.15 ± 1.08

4.15 ± 1.14

3.96 ± 1.26

4.18 ± 1.08

Internet use behaviorsa, b**, c**

15.50 ± 3.43

15.73 ± 3.64

14.95 ± 3.48

16.23 ± 3.41

14.13 ± 3.42

15.82 ± 3.45

  1. The t-test was used to test for the differences between groups; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01
  2. aInternet use behaviors were obtained by adding up four items about Internet use
  3. bmeans that different gender adolescents have statistically different scores in this variable
  4. cmeans that different grade adolescents have statistically different scores in this variable