Table 2 Demographic characteristics of KHANDLE participants by childhood residence
|  | US Childhood (n = 1058) | Foreign Childhood (n = 295) |
|---|---|---|
Age (mean, SD) | 75.1 (6.5) | 76.3 (6.2) |
Female (n, %) | 636 (60.1) | 170 (57.6) |
Race/Ethnicity | ||
 Asian | 202 (19.1) | 151 (51.2) |
 Black | 299 (28.3) | 3 (1.0) |
 Latinx | 191 (18.1) | 90 (30.5) |
 White | 366 (34.6) | 51 (17.3) |
Low Childhood Financial Capital | 292 (24.6) | 73 (24.8) |
 Ever go hungry due to finances | 123 (11.7) | 50 (17.1) |
 Parents did not own childhood home | 405 (38.4) | 112 (38.4) |
 Family was poor relative to others | 338 (34.5) | 76 (27.0) |
Low Childhood Cultural Capital | ||
 Father and/or mother earned ≤8th-grade education | 388 (36.7) | 154 (52.2) |
Low Childhood Social Capital | ||
 Never/sometimes had someone trust and confide | 401 (37.9) | 111 (37.6) |
 Low Late-Life Financial Capital | 468 (39.5) | 107 (36.3) |
vParticipant receives SSI, state welfare, support from friends/family or earns < 55 K annually | 348 (33.0) | 102 (35.1) |
 Always/often worries about having enough to cover living expenses AND earns < 75 K annually | 208 (21.9) | 39 (14.9) |
Low Late-Life Cultural Capital | ||
 Education ≤High School/General Education Diploma | 125 (11.8) | 57 (19.3) |
Low Late-Life Social Capital | ||
 Does not have someone to confide in or can depend on | 102 (9.6) | 42 (14.2) |
Financial Capital Trajectory | ||
 Consistently High | 501 (47.4) | 146 (49.5) |
 Low Childhood, High Adult | 145 (13.7) | 42 (14.2) |
 High Childhood, Low Adult | 298 (28.2) | 76 (25.8) |
 Consistently Low | 114 (10.8) | 31 (10.5) |
Cultural Capital Trajectory | ||
 Consistently High | 615 (58.1) | 127 (43.1) |
 Low Childhood, High Adult | 318 (30.1) | 111 (37.6) |
 High Childhood, Low Adult | 55 (5.2) | 14 (4.8) |
 Consistently Low | 70 (6.6) | 43 (14.6) |
Social Capital Trajectory | ||
 Consistently High | 615 (58.1) | 165 (55.9) |
 Low Childhood, High Adult | 341 (32.2) | 88 (29.8) |
 High Childhood, Low Adult | 42 (4.0) | 19 (6.4) |
 Consistently Low | 60 (5.7) | 23 (7.8) |