Functional health and symptoms in Spain before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Socio-demographic and clinical variables^a

Variable		Before COVID-19 pandemic (N = 1010)	During COVID-19 pandemic (N = 504)	Statistics	p-value
Age	Mean ± SD	47.10 ± 15.50	47.06 ± 15.46	Z = 0.004	0.997
Sex	Female	510 (50.5%)	256 (50.8%)	χ² = 0.012	0.913
Sex	Male	500 (49.5%)	248 (49.2%)
Education	No A-levels	230 (22.8%)	123 (24.4%)	χ² = 0.501	0.497
Education	A-levels or higher	780 (77.2%)	381 (75.6%)
Marital status	Single	282 (27.9%)	133 (26.4%)	χ² = 2.194	0.533
	Married/partnership	608 (60.2%)	316 (62.7%)
	Divorced/separated	79 (7.8%)	41 (8.1%)
	Widowed	41 (4.1%)	14 (2.8%)
Any chronic diseases		347 (34.4%)	167 (33.1%)	χ² = 0.224	0.636
Work status^b	Normal work		251 (49.8%)
	Working remotely		55 (10.9%)
	Unemployed		57 (11.3%)
	Lost work due to COVID-19		19 (3.8%)
	Houseworker		19 (3.8%)
	Retired		77 (15.3%)
	In training or student		15 (3.0%)
	Other		11 (12.2%)
Living space (in m²)^b	Mean ± SD		111.7 ± 15.46
No. of people living in household^b	Mean ± SD		2.98 ± 1.24
Outside living space available^b			398 (79.0%)
Social distancing^b	Not at all		70 (13.9%)
	Moderate		60 (11.9%)
	Strong		217 (43.1%)
	Quarantined		157 (31.2%)
Tested for SARS-CoV-2^b	Not tested		483 (95.8%)
	Negative result		14 (2.8%)
	Positive result		5 (1.0%)
	Results pending		2 (0.4%)

^a Table entries are n (%), if not denoted otherwise; ^b variable assessed only in the assessment during COVID-19; SD standard deviation

ISSN: 1471-2458