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Table 3 Predictors of self-rated mental health, relationships and satisfaction with life (N = 1903)

From: Employment and retirement impacts on health and wellbeing among a sample of rural Australians

Predictor

Outcome variable – Global ratings (1 to 5):

Mental health

Relationships

Satisfaction with life

Work/retirement status

 Employed (all phases)

0

0

0

 Not in workforce (all phases)

−0.55 (− 0.82, − 0.28)**

−0.28 (− 0.53, − 0.04)*

−0.50 (− 0.73, − 0.26)**

 Retired (all phases)

0.19 (0.06, 0.32)**

0.22 (0.10, 0.34)**

0.16 (0.05, 0.27)**

 Employed to retired

0.11 (−0.12, 0.34)

0.14 (− 0.06, 0.34)

0.13 (− 0.05, 0.32)

 Not in workforce to retired

0.07 (−0.27, 0.40)

− 0.36 (− 0.73, 0.01)

−0.05 (− 0.36, 0.25)

Study phase

 Baseline

0

0

0

 1-year follow-up

−0.14 (− 0.24, − 0.03)*

− 0.18 (− 0.27, − 0.09)**

− 0.09 (− 0.17, 0.01)

 3-year follow-up

− 0.09 (− 0.21, 0.04)

− 0.08 (− 0.19, 0.04)

− 0.03 (− 0.13, 0.08)

 5-year follow-up

− 0.15 (− 0.28, − 0.03)*

− 0.22 (− 0.34, − 0.10)**

−0.12 (− 0.24, − 0.01)*

Significant work/retirement status by phase interactions

 Not in workforce to retired by 1-year follow-up

 

0.35 (0.04, 0.66)*

 

Sex

 Male

0

0

0

 Female

0.00 (− 0.11, 0.11)

0.10 (0.01, 0.20)*

0.06 (−0.04, 0.15)

Live on a farm

 No

0

0

0

 Yes

0.02 (−0.11, 0.15)

−0.02 (− 0.13, 0.10)

−0.05 (− 0.15, 0.06)

Any chronic disease

 No

0

0

0

 Yes

−0.12 (−0.23, − 0.02)*

−0.03 (− 0.12, 0.06)

−0.05 (− 0.13, 0.04)

Currently married

 No

0

0

0

 Yes

0.18 (0.06, 0.30)**

0.15 (0.04, 0.26)**

0.23 (0.13, 0.34)**

Recent adverse life events

−0.20 (− 0.23, − 0.16)**

−0.16 (− 0.20, − 0.13)**

− 0.18 (− 0.21, − 0.14)**

ARIA

−0.01 (− 0.03, 0.00)

0.01 (− 0.01, 0.02)

0.00 (− 0.02, 0.01)

Occupation

 Manager

0

0

0

 Professional

−0.01 (− 0.19, 0.17)

− 0.02 (− 0.18, 0.13)

−0.02 (− 0.18, 0.13)

 Technician/trade worker

− 0.14 (− 0.35, 0.07)

− 0.16 (− 0.36, 0.03)

−0.11 (− 0.29, 0.07)

 Community or personal service worker

− 0.09 (− 0.31, 0.13)

−0.02 (− 0.22, 0.18)

−0.01 (− 0.19, 0.18)

 Clerical or administrative worker

− 0.05 (− 0.24, 0.14)

−0.06 (− 0.23, 0.11)

−0.09 (− 0.24, 0.07)

 Sales worker

− 0.05 (− 0.34, 0.25)

0.01 (− 0.24, 0.27)

0.00 (− 0.24, 0.24)

 Machinery operator or driver

− 0.18 (− 0.47, 0.11)

− 0.16 (− 0.44, 0.12)

−0.07 (− 0.31, 0.18)

 Labourer

− 0.15 (− 0.37, 0.07)

− 0.16 (− 0.37, 0.05)

−0.13 (− 0.32, 0.07)

 Not in workforce

− 0.05 (− 0.28, 0.19)

− 0.07 (− 0.27, 0.14)

−0.06 (− 0.25, 0.13)

 Mixed occupations

− 0.03 (− 0.26, 0.19)

0.05 (− 0.14, 0.25)

− 0.07 (− 0.26, 0.13)

 Missing

− 0.20 (− 0.44, 0.04)

−0.11 (− 0.34, 0.12)

−0.09 (− 0.27, 0.10)

  1. Note: ARIA, Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia Plus. Tabled values are raw regression weights (99% CIs) from Generalised Estimating Equations, which controlled for participant ID and household ID (N = 1903 individuals; 1427 households; 4914 cases): *p < 0.01; **p < 0.001. Twelve predictors examining work/retirement status by phase interactions were also included in each analysis. A small number of individuals (N = 28) were excluded from these analyses due to missing scores on some of the predictor variables