Table 1 Differences in characteristics between high health literacy and low health literacy groups

 Age (months)

64.6 ± 10.3

63.3 ± 10.2

1.07

0.287

 Sex (boys (%))

133 (52.2)

56 (56.6)

0.35

0.553

 Teeth decay (non (%))

203 (79.6)

80 (80.8)

1.95

0.136

 Birth weight (g)

2987.4 ± 445.1

3065.9 ± 399.9

−1.53

0.127

 Number of siblings (n)

2.3 ± 0.8

2.2 ± 0.8

1.33

0.186

 Breakfast (every day (%))

240 (94.1)

91 (91.9)

0.26

0.474

 Lessons (%)

111 (43.5)

43 (43.4)

0

1.00

 Sleep duration (hours)

10 ± 1.0

9.9 ± 1.1

1.21

0.228

 Game (hours)

0.5 ± 0.8

0.5 ± 0.7

0.84

0.401

 TV (hours)

2.1 ± 1.2

2.1 ± 1.2

0.22

0.826

 BMI (kg/m²)

15.6 ± 1.5

15.6 ± 1.5

−0.13

0.896

 IOTF (problem (%))

50 (19.6)

20 (20.2)

0

0.882

 CSHQ-J (point)

45.3 ± 6.0

46.8 ± 5.9

−2.04

0.043

 Age (years)

36.1 ± 5.1

35.9 ± 5.8

0.41

0.685

 Sex (men (%))

17 (6.7)

5 (5.1)

0.10

0.806

 BMI (kg/m²)

21.1 ± 2.9

22.0 ± 4.0

−2.15

0.032

 Smoking (%)

36 (14.1)

10 (10.1)

0.69

0.380

 Drinking (everyday (%))

34 (13.3)

7 (7.1)

2.15

0.137

 Material status (married (%))

238 (93.3)

96 (97.0)

2.01

0.699

 Education level (years)

13.6 ± 1.7

13.1 ± 1.5

2.15

0.032

 Income (> 6 million (%))

97 (38.0)

28 (28.3)

2.45

0.106

 Sleep duration (hours)

6.8 ± 1.2

6.9 ± 1.2

−0.48

0.633

 PSQI (alright (%))

165 (64.7)

53 (53.5)

3.26

0.066