Table 6 Regression results on the relationships between urban respondents’ perceptions of living-environment crises and neighbourhood characteristics

Neighbourhood population density

0.002

(0.002)

0.005***

(0.002)

0.003

(0.003)

0.005*

(0.003)

Average annual income of registered community residents

0.016

(0.013)

0.014

(0.016)

0.026*

(0.014)

0.036**

(0.015)

The presence/absence of sources of pollution (ref: yes)

−0.117

(0.142)

− 0.067

(0.210)

− 0.215

(0.182)

− 0.274

(0.193)

The presence/absence of parks (ref: no)

0.126

(0.134)

−0.170

(0.194)

−0.235

(0.167)

0.076

(0.151)

The presence/absence of healthcare facilities (ref: no)

−0.364*

(0.191)

−0.390*

(0.215)

0.011

(0.209)

−0.277

(0.169)

The presence/absence of banking facilities (ref: no)

−0.238*

(0.141)

−0.109

(0.182)

0.114

(0.167)

0.089

(0.161)

 Subjective well-being

−0.125***

(0.023)

−0.065**

(0.030)

−0.063**

(0.026)

−0.087***

(0.021)

 Quality of life compared to neighbours

−0.302***

(0.082)

−0.140

(0.102)

−0.048

(0.104)

0.007

(0.097)

 Subjective social status

−0.134***

(0.035)

−0.084*

(0.044)

−0.148***

(0.041)

−0.155***

(0.032)

 Personal sense of neighbourhood security

−0.149*

(0.079)

−0.225**

(0.103)

−0.131*

(0.078)

−0.376***

(0.080)

 Social trust of neighbours

−0.017

(0.057)

0.000

(0.081)

−0.033

(0.068)

0.008

(0.056)

  (log) Annual personal income

−0.033

(0.021)

−0.002

(0.027)

0.022

(0.023)

0.017

(0.024)

 Level of education

−0.034*

(0.018)

0.011

(0.021)

0.060***

(0.021)

0.092***

(0.020)

 Female (ref: male)

−0.080

(0.086)

−0.116

(0.114)

−0.075

(0.085)

−0.064

(0.078)

 Age

−0.003

(0.006)

−0.009

(0.006)

−0.012**

(0.005)

−0.002

(0.005)

 Married

−0.062

(0.143)

−0.026

(0.175)

0.130

(0.157)

0.156

(0.160)

 Divorced or widowed

−0.373

(0.274)

0.030

(0.268)

0.062

(0.264)

0.188

(0.242)

 Business employee

0.604***

(0.152)

0.330**

(0.141)

0.167

(0.155)

0.013

(0.119)

 Self-employed and other

0.407**

(0.180)

0.224

(0.150)

0.008

(0.148)

−0.005

(0.128)

 cut1

−3.664***

(0.481)

−1.459***

(0.563)

−0.981*

(0.526)

−2.246***

(0.524)

 cut2

−2.411***

(0.483)

0.953

(0.605)

0.821

(0.525)

−1.059**

(0.517)

 cut3

−1.102**

(0.484)

2.596***

(0.643)

2.594***

(0.568)

0.615

(0.517)

 County-level variance

0.077

(0.132)

0.110

(0.178)

0.000

(0.000)

0.330**

(0.131)

 Neighbourhood-level variance

0.263*

(0.144)

0.478**

(0.238)

0.515***

(0.106)

0.249**

(0.119)

 Number of counties

 Number of neighbourhoods

 Number of individuals

 Log likelihood

 Chi-squared