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Table 2 Medical ecology in terms of type of care (sources of health advice, hospital or post-hospital care) by survey year 2018 and 2020

From: The use of health care during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: repeated cross-sectional survey of the adult Swiss general population

 

Survey 2020 (N = 1022)

Survey 2018 (N = 958)

 

Estimate per 1000

Lower CI

Upper CI

Estimate per 1000

Lower CI

Upper CI

Statistica

p-valuea

Health problems

 had 1 or more health problems

513

482

543

555

514

595

−1.62

0.106

 one

326

304

347

371

340

400

−0.92

0.356

 more than one

184

163

205

182

153

213

0.92

0.356

 took medication

367

347

386

391

358

421

0.47

0.637

 asked for medical advice

214

192

235

241

210

274

−0.48

0.629

Sources of health advice

 general practitioner b

180

159

201

164

136

195

1.26

0.208

 specialist physician

41

31

53

82

62

103

−3.02

0.003

 pharmacy

38

28

50

18

7

36

2.12

0.035

 internet

26

18

36

3

1

9

3.74

< 0.001

 accident and emergency unit

25

17

36

13

6

24

2.13

0.034

 outpatient clinic

17

10

26

22

12

35

−0.32

0.750

 psychotherapist or psychologist

15

9

23

     

 family/friends

14

8

22

6

2

14

1.68

0.094

 physiotherapy

12

6

19

3

1

7

2.59

0.010

 CAM practitioner

12

6

19

7

2

15

1.24

0.216

 telephone medical advice center

11

6

18

8

2

19

0.73

0.464

 drugstore

6

2

12

2

0

7

1.37

0.171

 federal/cantonal COVID-19 hotline

6

2

12

     

 dentist

5

2

11

6

2

16

−0.18

0.859

 other

4

1

9

5

1

14

−0.05

0.957

 no answer

1

0

5

0

0

2

0.65

0.514

Hospital or post-hospital care

 had in-patient hospital care

19

12

29

15

9

24

0.89

0.373

Levels of care

 in normal care unit

17

13

19

13

10

14

0.69

0.497

 in intensive care unit

2

0

6

3

1

5

−0.69

0.497

 had a surgical procedure

8

4

12

6

4

9

0.05

0.958

 needed mechanic ventilation

0

0

0

     

Levels of hospital

 were in university hospital

8

4

12

5

3

8

0.41

0.686

 were in cantonal hospital

5

2

10

2

1

4

1.21

0.233

 were in private hospital

4

1

8

2

0

4

0.97

0.338

 were in regional hospital

2

0

6

7

4

10

−2.11

0.041

Post-hospital care

 were in rehabilitation clinic

5

2

9

4

2

7

0.09

0.925

 had ambulatory nursing care

2

0

6

3

1

6

−0.89

0.379

  1. CAM = complementary and alternative medicine
  2. afrom univariable logistic regression with survey year (2020 vs 2018) as predictor
  3. b Including contacts with the GP due to COVID-19 questions