Table 4 Logistic regression of associations between meeting WHO Global guidelines and selected COVID-19 factors
TPA guideline | MVPA guideline | SST guideline | Sleep guideline | All guidelines | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
Level of restrictions | ||||||||||
High (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Low | 0.94 (0.11,7.83) | 4.29 (0.74,24.90) | 4.43 (1.77,11.12) | 3.59 (1.39,9.30) | 1.13 (0.52,2.44) | 1.91 (0.79,4.60) | 9.50 (2.60,34.71) | 6.71 (1.77,25.46) | 2.11 (0.98,4.54) | 4.33 (0.92,20.39) |
Moderate | 0.44 (0.06,3.01) | 0.50 (0.15,1.65) | 0.67 (0.30,1.47) | 0.89 (0.49,1.62) | 1.98 (1.08,3.62) | 2.71 (1.56,4.70) | 1.18 (0.48,2.89) | 0.76 (0.38,1.54) | 0.99 (0.47,2.07) | 1.14 (0.47,2.78) |
Country income level | ||||||||||
High-income (HIC) (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Low/middle-income (LMIC) | 3.87 (0.81,18.53) | 12.17 (3.03,49.00) | 0.67 (0.23,1.94) | 1.96 (1.02,3.77) | 1.98 (1.09,3.60) | 2.16 (1.19,3.94) | 0.44 (0.15,1.31) | 1.21 (0.55,2.65) | 1.30 (0.57,2.97) | 3.17 (0.86,11.75) |
Go outside during COVID-19 | ||||||||||
No (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 1.75 (1.10,2.78) | 1.70 (1.05,2.75) | 1.70 (1.06,2.71) | 1.52 (0.95,2.45) | 1.20 (0.76,1.89) | 1.19 (0.75,1.89) | 1.53 (0.93,2.51) | 1.51 (0.92,2.45) | 4.21 (1.46,12.18) | 3.30 (1.12,9.76) |
Parent’s concern about child’s movement behaviour§ | ||||||||||
No (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | N/A | N/A | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | N/A | N/A |
Yes | 0.49 (0.34,0.72) | 0.50 (0.34,0.74) | 0.60 (0.42,0.86) | 0.68 (0.47,0.96) | 1.00 (0.65,1.56) | 0.97 (0.63,1.50) | ||||
Parent’s perceived ability to support child to have healthy movement behaviours | ||||||||||
No (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 1.25 (0.77,2.01) | 1.15 (0.71,1.86) | 2.19 (1.35,3.55) | 1.89 (1.17,3.06) | 1.15 (0.74,1.79) | 1.14 (0.73,1.79) | 0.99 (0.61,1.59) | 0.87 (0.54,1.41) | 1.56 (0.71,3.45) | 1.14 (0.51,2.51) |
Presence of outdoor space within house compound | ||||||||||
No (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 1.88 (1.07,3.30) | 2.41 (1.32,4.41) | 2.61 (1.55,4.40) | 2.61 (1.56,4.36) | 1.29 (0.81,2.06) | 1.14 (0.70,1.87) | 0.80 (0.46,1.38) | 0.65 (0.38,1.11) | 2.83 (1.43,5.60) | 1.82 (0.78,4.23) |
Number of adults living within the same household | ||||||||||
Two or less (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
More than two | 1.64 (1.12,2.42) | 1.55 (1.04,2.33) | 0.98 (0.68,1.39) | 0.97 (0.67,1.40) | 0.98 (0.70,1.37) | 0.96 (0.68,1.36) | 1.04 (0.70,1.53) | 1.12 (0.76,1.66) | 0.96 (0.54,1.70) | 1.06 (0.58,1.94) |
Number of children living within the same household | ||||||||||
Two or less (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
More than two | 1.21 (0.74,1.98) | 1.27 (0.76,2.13) | 1.01 (0.66,1.56) | 0.92 (0.59,1.45) | 0.99 (0.65,1.50) | 0.85 (0.56,1.31) | 0.99 (0.62,1.58) | 1.01 (0.63,1.61) | 1.42 (0.76,2.63) | 1.22 (0.64,2.33) |
Parent’s perceived level of stress compared to before COVID-19 | ||||||||||
Less/about the same (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
More stressed | 1.03 (0.69,1.53) | 1.41 (0.87,2.28) | 1.04 (0.71,1.52) | 0.98 (0.63,1.54) | 0.65 (0.45,0.93) | 0.90 (0.59,1.37) | 0.86 (0.56,1.33) | 1.06 (0.65,1.73) | 0.50 (0.26,0.93) | 0.56 (0.26,1.18) |
Parent’s perceived level of exhaustion compared to before COVID-19 | ||||||||||
Less/about the same (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
More exhausted | 0.73 (0.50,1.06) | 0.65 (0.41,1.02) | 1.18 (0.82,1.70) | 1.17 (0.75,1.83) | 0.63 (0.43,0.90) | 0.74 (0.49,1.13) | 0.62 (0.41,0.94) | 0.59 (0.37,0.95) | 0.71 (0.39,1.30) | 1.16 (0.57,2.33) |
Receiving any supports from childcare centre | ||||||||||
No (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 1.23 (0.63,2.39) | 1.33 (0.67,2.64) | 1.55 (0.85,2.85) | 1.64 (0.88,3.09) | 1.16 (0.66,2.05) | 1.18 (0.64,2.16) | 1.82 (0.96,3.46) | 1.64 (0.87,3.09) | 1.76 (0.66,4.70) | 1.47 (0.51,4.25) |
Using any resources to support/facilitate child’s movement behaviours at home | ||||||||||
No (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 1.12 (0.77,1.64) | 1.16 (0.78,1.72) | 1.39 (0.93,2.08) | 1.40 (0.93,2.12) | 0.89 (0.61,1.28) | 0.99 (0.68,1.43) | 1.11 (0.67,1.82) | 1.05 (0.65,1.71) | 0.98 (0.54,1.77) | 1.15 (0.63,2.09) |