N | T1 | T2 | Mean change (95% CI)† | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted | p-value | Adjusted§ | p-value | ||||
Time spent in movement behaviours (min/day) | |||||||
TPA | 852 | 200.7 (5.0) | 217.8 (4.8) | 16.5 (−40.0,72.9) | 0.540 | 25.1 (−31.7,81.9) | 0.361 |
MVPA | 847 | 60.6 (2.3) | 55.6 (2.4) | −5.7 (−25.0,13.6) | 0.528 | 5.6 (− 25.3,14.1) | 0.552 |
SST | 942 | 105.3 (3.6) | 162.0 (4.2) | 57.0 (43.0,71.0) | < 0.0001 | 54.9 (38.6,71.2) | < 0.0001 |
Total sleep duration - including nap (min) | 946 | 664.7 (2.9) | 641.2 (3.2) | −22.8 (−42.4,-3.2) | 0.026 | −9.2 (−28.9,10.6) | 0.341 |
Nap duration (min) | 287 | 111.5 (2.0) | 97.4 (2.9) | −16.6 (−31.6,-1.6) | 0.034 | − 18.5 (− 33.6,-3.4) | 0.020 |
Proportion of children meeting the recommendations of WHO Global guidelines (%) | |||||||
TPA | 852 | 53.1 (2.0) | 60.1 (1.7) | 1.45 (0.56,3.72) | 0.441 | 1.48 (0.56,3.87) | 0.426 |
MVPA | 847 | 50.8 (1.8) | 48.7 (1.9) | 0.82 (0.41,1.65) | 0.577 | 0.83 (0.39,1.76) | 0.633 |
SST | 942 | 48.0 (1.8) | 24.9 (1.7) | 0.28 (0.17,0.46) | < 0.0001 | 0.31 (0.18,0.55) | < 0.0001 |
Sleep | 946 | 84.2 (1.5) | 79.3 (1.6) | 0.67 (0.44,1.01) | 0.055 | 0.89 (0.57,1.41) | 0.628 |
All four recommendations | 842 | 13.6 (1.4) | 10.5 (1.2) | 0.77 (0.40,1.48) | 0.430 | 0.91 (0.44,1.88) | 0.791 |
Sleep characteristics | |||||||
Bedtime (24Hr:Min) | 947 | 21:20 (0:02) | 22:01 (0:03) | 0:40 (0:21,1:00) | < 0.001 | 0:34 (0:14,0:54) | 0.003 |
Wake-time (24Hr:Min) | 946 | 7:09 (0:02) | 8:09 (0:03) | 1:00 (0:37,1:23) | < 0.0005 | 0:59 (0:34,1:23) | < 0.0005 |
Poor sleep quality (%) | 924 | 5.4 (1.0) | 6.0 (0.9) | 0.50 (0.19,1.29) | 0.152 | 0.57 (0.21,1.54) | 0.267 |
Use screen devices 2 h before bed (%) | 922 | 72.5 (1.7) | 65.0 (2.0) | 0.66 (0.37,1.18) | 0.165 | 0.76 (0.42,1.41) | 0.388 |
Outdoor time | |||||||
Time spent outdoors on weekdays (min/day) | 934 | 180.7 (4.6) | 105.7 (3.7) | −75.7 (−141.6,-9.8) | 0.028 | −80.9 (−147.6,-14.1) | 0.021 |
Time spent outdoors on weekends (min/day) | 941 | 213.4 (5.0) | 115.6 (4.0) | − 98.3 (− 160.3,-36.4) | 0.004 | −104.7 (− 166.7,-42.6) | 0.003 |