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Table 1 Summary of social-demographic characteristics, nocturnal noise, BMI, blood pressure, and scale scores of the 500 participants

From: Indoor nocturnal noise is associated with body mass index and blood pressure: a cross-sectional study

Characteristics

Mean ± SD/n

%

Mean age ± SD (years)

39 ± 12

/

Gender

 Male

168

34%

 Female

332

66%

Marital status

  

 Single

171

34.4%

 Married/Cohabiting

307

61.2%

 Separated/Divorced/Widowed

22

4.4%

Educational level (1 missing)

  

 Grade 6 or below

24

5%

 Grade 7–12

251

50%

 Bachelor or above

224

45%

Occupation

  

 Working

370

74%

 Not working

73

14%

 Retired

15

3%

 Students

42

8%

Family income (Hong Kong Dollars, 10 missings)

  

  < 5000

10

2%

 5000–9999

7

1.4%

 10,000–14,999

17

3.4%

 15,000–19,999

29

5.8%

 20,000–24,999

46

9.2%

 25,000–29,999

53

10.6%

 30,000–34,999

68

13.6%

 35,000–39,999

37

7.4%

 40,000–44,999

55

11.0%

 45,000–49,999

37

7.4%

  > 50,000

131

26.2%

House type

  

 Multi-story buildings

473

95%

 Townhouse

27

5%

Diagnosis of hypertension

  

 No

478

96%

 Yes

22

4%

Aerobic exercise per week

  

  < 1 h

170

34%

 1 h

116

23%

 2 h

88

18%

 3 h

61

12%

 4 h

28

6%

 5 h or more

37

7%

Smoking

  

 Never

404

81%

 Quit

38

7%

 Yes

58

12%

Alcohol

  

 Never

270

54%

 Quit

36

7%

 Yes

194

39%

Nocturnal noise level (dBA)

51.32 ± 5.61

/

BMI (kg/m2)

22.31 ± 3.66

/

SBP (mmHg)

116.16 ± 12.17

/

DBP (mmHg)

75.44 ± 7.97

/

TST (min)

345.1 ± 57.38

/

PSQI

5.14 ± 2.73

/

WNSS

60.44 ± 12.09

/

ESSI

21.39 ± 4.76

/

PHQ

3.93 ± 3.88

/

PSS

15.60 ± 5.31

/

Anxiety

4.43 ± 3.47

/

Depression

5.15 ± 3.44

/

  1. SD Standard deviation, BMI Body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TST total sleep time, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, WNSS Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale, ESSI: ENRICHD Social Support Instrument, PHQ Physical Health Questionnaire, PSS Perceived Stress Scale