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Table 2 Demographic Characteristics by Level of Food Security (Using Aggregated Responses from All Four Waves of Data Collection)

From: The impact of novel and traditional food bank approaches on food insecurity: a longitudinal study in Ottawa, Canada

 

Food secure (N = 192)

Marginally food insecure (N = 226)

Moderately food insecure (N = 446)

Severely food insecure (N = 409)

Age (years)

 Mean (SD)

47.2 (14.9)

46.1 (14.0)

43.9 (13.0)

42.2 (12.0)

Gender

 Men

72 (37.5%)

99 (43.8%)

158 (35.4%)

173 (42.3%)

 Women

112 (58.3%)

106 (46.9%)

257 (57.6%)

208 (50.9%)

 Gender diverse

8 (4.2%)

21 (9.3%)

31 (7.0%)

28 (6.8%)

 Missing

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

Education

 Some college degree or less

118 (61.5%)

141 (62.4%)

257 (57.6%)

274 (67.0%)

 College degree

26 (13.5%)

29 (12.8%)

101 (22.6%)

61 (14.9%)

 Bachelor’s or graduate degree

36 (18.8%)

32 (14.2%)

56 (12.6%)

47 (11.5%)

 Other

12 (6.2%)

24 (10.6%)

32 (7.2%)

27 (6.6%)

 Missing

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

Household income (CAN$)

 0–599

9 (4.7%)

21 (9.3%)

50 (11.2%)

66 (16.1%)

 600–1199

51 (26.6%)

81 (35.8%)

183 (41.0%)

187 (45.7%)

 1200–1799

46 (24.0%)

56 (24.8%)

100 (22.4%)

72 (17.6%)

 1800–2399

23 (12.0%)

18 (8.0%)

37 (8.3%)

22 (5.4%)

 2400 or more

21 (10.9%)

16 (7.1%)

20 (4.5%)

21 (5.1%)

 Missing

42 (21.9%)

34 (15.0%)

56 (12.6%)

41 (10.0%)

Born in Canada

 Yes

108 (56.2%)

139 (61.5%)

330 (74.0%)

321 (78.5%)

 No

77 (40.1%)

69 (30.5%)

95 (21.3%)

77 (18.8%)

 Missing

7 (3.6%)

18 (8.0%)

21 (4.7%)

11 (2.7%)

Ethnicity

 White

99 (51.6%)

109 (48.2%)

251 (56.3%)

236 (57.7%)

 First Nations/Metis/ Inuit

12 (6.2%)

15 (6.6%)

41 (9.2%)

46 (11.2%)

 Visible minority

81 (42.2%)

102 (45.1%)

154 (34.5%)

127 (31.1%)

 Missing

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

Marital status

 Not marrieda

116 (60.4%)

146 (64.6%)

323 (72.4%)

298 (72.9%)

 Marrieda

74 (38.5%)

74 (32.7%)

115 (25.8%)

107 (26.2%)

 Missing

2 (1.0%)

6 (2.7%)

8 (1.8%)

4 (1.0%)

Dependents

 No dependent

93 (48.4%)

120 (53.1%)

234 (52.5%)

232 (56.7%)

 one or more dependents

96 (50.0%)

98 (43.4%)

201 (45.1%)

171 (41.8%)

 Missing

3 (1.6%)

8 (3.5%)

11 (2.5%)

6 (1.5%)

Physical health (SF12 subscale)

 Mean (SD)

47.2 (10.7)

45.7 (11.2)

43.7 (11.3)

42.5 (10.7)

Mental health (SF12 subscale)

 Mean (SD)

48.8 (11.5)

44.5 (12.2)

39.6 (11.4)

35.8 (10.8)

Frequency of use of food bankb

 0

34 (17.7%)

30 (13.3%)

39 (8.7%)

39 (9.5%)

 1

36 (18.8%)

55 (24.3%)

101 (22.6%)

90 (22.0%)

 2

39 (20.3%)

38 (16.8%)

79 (17.7%)

86 (21.0%)

 3 or more

83 (43.2%)

103 (45.6%)

225 (50.4%)

193 (47.2%)

 Missing

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

2 (0.4%)

1 (0.2%)

  1. Notes. ‘Missing’ values refer to unanswered questions within surveys. a‘Married’ includes living with a partner. b‘Frequency of use of food bank’ refers to the previous 3 months